Increase of Fire Resistance Limits of Building Structures of Oil-and-Gas Complex Under Hydrocarbon Fire

Gravit, Marina; Gumerova, Eliza; Bardin, Alexey; Lukinov, Vitaly

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70987-1_87

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Typically, fire resistance performance of structures is assessed using two distinct testing methodologies: the standard temperature regime and the hydrocarbon compound fire conditions. In Europe and the United States, the combustion of hydrocarbons and fire development are primarily examined in accordance with the hydrocarbon fire curve, wherein initial fire temperatures may reach 1000 °C or even exceed this threshold [9,10]. Conversely, in the Russian oil and gas complex (O&G) fire resistance evaluations, standard curves are employed to simulate fire environments for decks and bulkheads, as specified by the ISO-834 standard developed by ISO Technical Committee 92 [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Fire Resistance for Bulkhead and Deck Structures of Ships and Offshore Installations

Zong

Liu

et al. 2023

JMSE

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Investigating the loss of integrity (E) in cabin walls and decks, as well as the role of insulation capabilities, holds significant implications for preventing serious human, economic and environmental damage caused by the ignition of cabins in ships and ocean platforms due to fires and explosions. In this study, the fire resistance of A-60 class ship bulkheads and decks was evaluated through two groups of standard fire resistance tests. In the first test, the steel structure side of the bulkhead was exposed to the fire, while in the second test, the mineral wool and L-shaped stiffeners side of the deck was exposed to the fire. Numerical material models for steel and mineral wool were established based on standards, and the temperature distribution and structural deformation were simulated using Abaqus. The results showed a good correlation with the experimental data. The maximum and average temperature increases on the unheated surface of the bulkhead during the standard fire resistance test were 158 °C and 136 °C, respectively. The corresponding values for the deck were 176 °C and 138 °C. Upon the conclusion of the experiment, the maximum displacement deformation in the direction towards the furnace from the center of the cabin wall was 54 mm, and from the center of the deck, the maximum displacement deformation towards the furnace was 28 mm. This research can provide guidance for the design of fire-resistant ship compartment structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Fire Resistance for Bulkhead and Deck Structures of Ships and Offshore Installations

Zong

Liu

et al. 2023

JMSE

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“…The fire protection of process units used in the upstream and midstream production and shipping of oil, natural gas, and petroleum products and the protection of bearing structures of road and railroad tunnels and bridges have recently become increasingly urgent. A fire occurring in a tunnel or under a bridge involving a burning vehicle carrying petroleum products, or a fire on an offshore platform, or at an oil and gas asset to be protected, entails severe local fire impact on the bearing structure and is most often described using a hydrocarbon fire curve [1][2][3][4][5][6], as stipulated in EN 1363-2:1999 [7] (Figure 1). One of the crucial design indicators defining the fire safety assurance level for buildings and facilities is the structural fire resistance rating, i.e., the time since the fire impact starts (minutes, standard testing conditions) or the calculated time period until either one or a sequence of limit state indicators are reached (R, E, I) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Protective Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete Plates for Steel Structures under Different Types of Fire Exposure

et al. 2021

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In a situation where a fire occurs either in a tunnel with a burning vehicle carrying petroleum products, at an offshore platform, or at an oil and gas asset to be protected, such a case is commonly described using a hydrocarbon fire curve. Therefore, it is extremely important to design construction, which can maintain stability and bearing capacity both under the standard and hydrocarbon fire modes. The purpose in this work is to hold a behavior simulation of a steel structure with fireproofing ensured through lightweight concrete slabs reinforced with fiber glass as well as a validation of the outcomes by assessing the experimental findings obtained from the relevant fire tests. A fire resistance study was carried out here for steel structures with a profile ratio of 156 mm−1 for the cases of a standard fire and of a hydrocarbon fire. A constant static load of 687 kN (70 tf) was taken for standard fire and 294 kN (30 tf) for hydrocarbon fire; the column was under vertical compression with one end resting on a hinged support and the other end rigidly fixed. The specimen design incorporated single-layer box-section cladding made of Pyro-Safe Aestuver T slabs, 40 mm thick and of a 650 kg/m3 density, pre-cut to fit the column size. The column strength loss (R) ultimately occurred after 240 min in the standard fire case and after 180 min in the hydrocarbon fire case. As the breach in the fireproofing structural integrity (E) or the installation accuracy cannot be considered, the limit state indicators may show certain discrepancies. According to the simulation performed using SOFiSTiK software, the design fire resistance rating of the structure in a hydrocarbon fire case was 58% higher than the figure obtained by holding fire tests due to the slabs cracking during the experiment session; the discrepancy between the outcomes of the session and the simulation in a standard fire case was as much as 15%.

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“…Steel structures in a fire or blast emergency scenario in oil and gas facilities suffer high-temperature and overpressure impact corresponding to the hydrocarbon fire case. During the several minutes when the fire starts, the temperature reaches 1000 • C and higher [10][11][12]. The steel structure strength becomes drastically lower within the range of 400-600 • C, while in case of applied load, the unprotected structure almost immediately loses its stability [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the methods to prevent fire spread and ensure the stability of buildings and structures in case of fire is applying passive fire protection (PFP), which encompasses dedicated fireproof plasters, paints, casings, slabs and intumescent paints [25]. At O&G production sites, intumescent coatings based on epoxy binding agents are of wide and common use, with chemical and climatic resistivity, a low volatile substance content, a life cycle of at least 25 years, superb adhesion and high repairability as their key characteristics [12,26]. Intumescent coatings swell when exposed to high temperatures to create foamcoke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Protection of Steel Structures with Epoxy Coatings under Cryogenic Exposure

2021

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Cases of fire with highly flammable, combustible liquids and combustible gases with high potential heat emission at oil and gas facilities are assumed to develop as a hydrocarbon fire, which is characterized by the temperature rising rapidly up to 1093 ± 56 °C within five minutes from the test start and staying within the same range throughout the test, as well as by overpressure being generated. Although various fireproof coating systems are commonly used to protect steel structures from high temperatures, a combination of fire protection and cryogenic spillage protection, i.e., protection from liquefied natural gas (LNG), is rather an international practice novelty regulated by standards ISO 20088. Thanks to their outstanding features, i.e., ability to sustain chemical and climatic impact, these epoxy-based materials are able to ensure positive fireproof performance for steel structures in the case of potential cryogenic impact. The article discusses tests on steel structures coated with epoxy fireproof compounds, specifically PREGRAD-EP, OGRAX-SKE and Chartek 2218. The test records show the time from the start of cryogenic exposure to the said sample reaching the limit state, as well as the time from the start of heat impact to the sample reaching the limit state in case of hydrocarbon fire temperature.

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Increase of Fire Resistance Limits of Building Structures of Oil-and-Gas Complex Under Hydrocarbon Fire

Cited by 18 publications

References 4 publications

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Fire Resistance for Bulkhead and Deck Structures of Ships and Offshore Installations

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Fire Resistance for Bulkhead and Deck Structures of Ships and Offshore Installations

Fire Protective Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete Plates for Steel Structures under Different Types of Fire Exposure

Fire Protection of Steel Structures with Epoxy Coatings under Cryogenic Exposure

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