Increased abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil coincides with the reproductive stages of maize

Grigera, M. Susana; Drijber, Rhae A.; Wienhold, Brian J.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.11.025

Cited by 46 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 37 publications

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“…Soil biological parameters,including microbial biomass and community structure, were determined by the method of direct hydrolysis, derivation, and extraction of fatty acid methyl esters from soil microorganisms (Grigera et al, 2007) at the 0-to-5-cm and 5-to-10-cm depths. A 10-g air-dried soil sample (passed through an 8-mm sieve) was weighed and placed into a 50-ml Teflon centrifuge tube.…”

Section: Soil Microbial Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover crop grazing impacts on soil properties and crop yields under irrigated no‐till corn–soybean management

Anderson

Blanco‐Canqui

Drewnoski

et al. 2021

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Cover crop (CC) grazing can be a strategy to reintegrate livestock with crops, but how this integration affects soils and crop yields is unclear. We studied the impact of cattle grazing an oat (Avena sativa L.) CC in the fall on soil properties of a silt loam in a field-scale irrigated no-till corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] experiment in eastern Nebraska. Each rotation was present each year in two adjacent fields. During the 5-yr study, Field I was grazed two times, and Field II was grazed three times. Grazing occurred on each field every other year. Treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with corn harvest (corn silage and high-moisture corn [HMC]) as main plots with no CC, nongrazed CC, and grazed CC as split plots. Corn silage was harvested 15 d before HMC; HMC was harvested about 25 d before typical corn harvest time. Cover crop grazing reduced aboveground CC biomass without affecting soil penetration resistance, bulk density, aggregate stability, hydraulic properties, organic matter concentration, particulate organic matter concentration, microbial biomass, and corn and soybean yields compared with nongrazed CC. Likewise, compared with no CC, nongrazed CC had no effect except for some improvement in soil microbial properties. However, corn silage harvest negatively affected most nearsurface soil properties but not crop yields compared with HMC. Cover crop did not generally offset the negative impacts of corn silage on soil properties. In conclusion, CC grazing had no impact on soil properties and yields, but corn silage adversely affected soil properties. INTRODUCTIONHistorically, farms were diversified with both crop and livestock production. However, many modern farms, particularly in developed nations, are now specialized to produce only crops or livestock. The current specialization and increased Abbreviations: CC, cover crop; HMC, high-moisture corn; POM, particulate organic matter; SOM, soil organic matter.

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Section: Soil Microbial Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover crop grazing impacts on soil properties and crop yields under irrigated no‐till corn–soybean management

Anderson

Blanco‐Canqui

Drewnoski

et al. 2021

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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A preview of perennial grain agriculture: knowledge gain from biotic interactions in natural and agricultural ecosystems

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Compared to their annual analogues, perennial grain cropping systems provide various beneficial attributes for the environment and ecosystem services related to resource use efficiency, soil erosion, and soil conservation. However, there is only limited understanding of the multiple biotic interactions in perennial cropping systems and their potential effects on the crop, involving plant growth-promoting and pathogenic microorganisms, beneficial and detrimental faunal organisms below-and above-ground, weeds, and overall biodiversity effects. We use information from studies carried out in managed and natural perennial systems of analogous structure such as perennial energy crop production systems and grasslands to highlight and specify biotic interactions and processes, which potentially constitute advantages and constraints in developing perennial grain cropping systems. Concerning the relevance of soil microorganisms and potential perennial crop breeding goals, we focus on a range of plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere involved in biofertilization, phytostimulation, and biological control of soil pathogens. We consider relationships within the faunal community emphasizing arthropod pests and their natural enemies, as well as crop-weed interactions. Based on these outcomes and in comparison with annual systems, we discuss and compile benefits, options, and limitations of management of crop-associated biotic interactions and biodiversity, which might contribute to reproducible and sustainable effects of perennial grain crop productivity. We conclude that management strategies for perennial grain cropping systems depend much more on ecological processes and interactions operating in natural ecosystems than those in annual cropping systems. Consequently, the use of agrochemicals for pest, weed, and disease control, as well as the use of synthetic fertilizers, counteracts the principle functions of the system and would strongly degrade the potential of biotic benefits. We also found that there is only vague information on the long-term productivity and cultivation period of perennial grain crops, the specific management operations of replacement, and the potential development and management of weed and pest populations. Overall, an advanced understanding of interactions between the crop and its biotic environment provides the opportunity to manipulate specific functional traits of crop-associated organisms for improved management and crop productivity, but significant research challenges for implementation of perennial grain crops still remain.

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Iron‐reducing bacteria can enhance the activation and turnover of the Fe(III)‐fixed phosphorus for mycorrhizal plants

Zhang¹,

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2013

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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In a greenhouse experiment, Medicago sativa was grown in iron‐rich soil colonized with iron‐reducing bacteria (IRB) and/or Glomus mosseae (GM) under different inorganic phosphorus levels, which was to understand the effects of IRB and GM on the activation and turnover of the Fe(III)‐fixed phosphorus. The results showed that at the both P rates, dual‐inoculation treatment stimulated the hyphal growth and increased the shoot P content. IRB could accelerate mycorrhizal colonization, and showed a positive effect on plant biomass and P uptake at both P levels. Compared to sole‐IRB or GM treatment, the dual inoculation treatment increased the soil available P content at both P rates (p < 0.05), which was in the following order: the dual IRB+GM > the sole IRB > the sole GM > control for soil SMP content at low P rate, whilst the dual IRB+GM > the sole IRB ≈ the sole GM > control treatment at high P rate. Compared with the IRB treatment, the GM treatment significantly decreased the soil available P content and the MBP content at low P rate, but made no difference at high P rates. The soil MBC in dual‐inoculation treatment was greatest under the high P level, while the highest soil MBC was the sole‐GM treatment under the low P level. The sole GM treatment showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher soil MBC than that of sole IRB at low P rate (p < 0.05), while there was no significant differences between sole IRB and sole GM at high P rate. Our results suggested that the interaction between GM and IRB had synergetic effect on the mobilization of Fe(III)‐fixed P and their relationship could be regulated by the turnover of MBP. The fact that plants acquired more P via mycorrhizal pathway in the GM‐IRB system suggested that the three symbiont of plant‐GM‐IRB had great ecological and functional significance for P activity in tropical and subtropical soil.

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Increased abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil coincides with the reproductive stages of maize

Cited by 46 publications

References 37 publications

Cover crop grazing impacts on soil properties and crop yields under irrigated no‐till corn–soybean management

Cover crop grazing impacts on soil properties and crop yields under irrigated no‐till corn–soybean management

A preview of perennial grain agriculture: knowledge gain from biotic interactions in natural and agricultural ecosystems

Iron‐reducing bacteria can enhance the activation and turnover of the Fe(III)‐fixed phosphorus for mycorrhizal plants

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