Increased Arterial Pressure Variability After Arterial Baroreceptor Denervation in Fetal Lambs

Yardley, R.W.; Bowes, Glenn; Wilkinson, Marcia; Cannata, J; Maloney, J. E.; Ritchie, B. C.; Walker, Adrian M.; Eidelman, Arthur I.

doi:10.1097/00132582-198400410-00014

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…rats. and unrestrained cats (28). The finding that ganglionic blockade attenuated arterial pressure variability in fetal sheep is surprising given that.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are made inoperable. Arterial baroreceptor dencrvation in fetal sheep is known to increase arterial pressurc variability (28). Furthermore, in mature animals, both limbs of arterial baroreflex are essential in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis because interruption of either the afferent limb (by sinoaortic denervation) or efferent limb (by ganglionic blockade) results in increased arterial pressure lability (79).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Sympathetic Activity in the Generation of Heart Rate and Arterial Pressure Variability in Fetal Sheep

et al. 1994

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“…rats. and unrestrained cats (28). The finding that ganglionic blockade attenuated arterial pressure variability in fetal sheep is surprising given that.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Sympathetic Activity in the Generation of Heart Rate and Arterial Pressure Variability in Fetal Sheep

et al. 1994

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“…This has been verified after: (i) surgical denervation of arterial baroreceptors (sinoaortic baroreceptor denervation, SAD) in several animal species including dogs (Cowley, Liard & Guyton, 1973), cats , lambs (Yardley et al 1983), rabbits (Saito, Terui, Numao & Kumada, 1986), rats (Alper, Jacob & Brody, 1987) and monkeys (Bishop, Shade, Haywood & Hamm, 1987); (ii) electrolytic lesions of the nucleus tractus solitarii in cats (Nathan & Reis, 1977) and rats (Buchholz & Nathan, 1984); and (iii) chemical destruction of postganglionic sympathetic nerve terminals in rats (Julien, Kandza, Barres, Lo, Cerutti & Sassard, 1990;Daffonchio et al 1991). Arterial pressure lability has also been reported in humans after mediastinal radiation and carotid bypass surgery (Aksamit, Floras, Victor & Aylward, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

Involvement of vasodilator mechanisms in arterial pressure lability after sino‐aortic baroreceptor denervation in rat.

Zhang

Barrès

Julien

1995

The Journal of Physiology

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1. To examine the regional haemodynamic basis of arterial pressure lability seen after sinoaortic baroreceptor denervation (SAD), simultaneous beat-to-beat recordings of arterial pressure and indices of regional blood flows (Doppler probes around the subdiaphragmatic and lower abdominal aortae and the superior mesenteric artery) were performed in the same conscious rats (n = 7) before, 1 and 14 days after SAD. 2. Acute SAD increased arterial pressure, decreased regional blood flows and vascular conductances, and potentiated the depressor and vasodilator effects of ganglionic blockade with trimethaphan, suggesting sympathetic overactivity. All parameters chronically returned to or near normal. 3. Both acute and chronic SAD increased the variability of arterial pressure and of regional conductances. Arterial pressure lability was characterized by a mixture of depressor and pressor events which were associated with regional vasodilatations and vasoconstrictions, respectively. This haemodynamic pattern was not affected by acute ft-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol. 4. In conscious rats, the baroreceptor reflex acts to buffer the spontaneous variability of regional vascular conductances and thereby stabilizes arterial pressure. Sino-aortic baroreceptor denervation-induced arterial pressure lability does not depend on the level of sympathetic activation, and is determined by the relative contribution of depressor and pressor events accompanied by extensive vasodilatations and vasoconstrictions, respectively. Vasodilatations are not caused by the stimulation of vascular /#2-adrenoceptors.

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“…27,28 Poor baroreflex function is implicated in hypertension. 29 Baroreflex function was assessed by measures of BRS using spectral analysis techniques.…”

Section: Brsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep: A Window Into Autonomic Control in Children Born Preterm and Growth Restricted

Yiallourou

Wallace

Whatley

et al. 2017

Sleep

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Study Objectives: Preterm birth and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are both associated with risk of hypertension in adulthood. Mechanisms leading to this pathology are unclear. In children aged 5-12 years, who were born preterm and FGR, we used sleep as a tool to assess autonomic control with assessment of cardiovascular structure and function. Methods: Eighteen children born preterm and FGR, 15 children born preterm with appropriate birth weights for gestational age (AGA), and 20 AGA term-born children were studied. Children underwent overnight polysomnography with the addition of continuous noninvasive blood pressure (Finometer™). Spectral measures of heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure variability (BPV), and baroreflex sensitivity were assessed and overnight urinary catecholamine levels measured. Echocardiographic studies (Vivid7, GE Healthcare) were performed and vascular compliance assessed (Miller Instruments™). Statistical comparisons were adjusted for age and body size. Results: Compared to term children, preterm AGA children had increased high frequency HRV (p < .05) and BPV (p < .05) during sleep, reflecting increased parasympathetic activation and blood pressure changes related to respiration. Preterm FGR children had smaller left ventricular lengths, ascending aorta, and left ventricular outflow tract diameter (p < .05 for all) and vascular compliance was positively correlated with gestational age (r 2 = 0.93, p < .05). Conclusions: FGR combined with preterm birth did not alter autonomic control but altered heart structure in children. In contrast, preterm birth alone altered autonomic control but had no change in heart structure. These changes in children born preterm and FGR may contribute, in part, to increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life but by different mechanisms.

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Increased Arterial Pressure Variability After Arterial Baroreceptor Denervation in Fetal Lambs

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Role of Sympathetic Activity in the Generation of Heart Rate and Arterial Pressure Variability in Fetal Sheep

Role of Sympathetic Activity in the Generation of Heart Rate and Arterial Pressure Variability in Fetal Sheep

Involvement of vasodilator mechanisms in arterial pressure lability after sino‐aortic baroreceptor denervation in rat.

Sleep: A Window Into Autonomic Control in Children Born Preterm and Growth Restricted

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