Increased density and spatial uniformity increase weed suppression by spring wheat

Olsen, Jannie; Kristensen, Lars Østergaard; Weiner, Jacob; Griepentrog, Hans-Werner

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.2005.00456.x

Cited by 108 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Regardless of pretilachlor rate and cultivar, significantly higher grain yields were recorded in plots with uniform planting patterns (3127 kg ha -1 ) compared to the plots with wide-row planting pattern (2588 kg ha -1 ). Similar results were reported for wheat by OLSEN et al (2005), who concluded that there may be other advantages to a uniform planting pattern of the crop in addition to increased weed suppression, such as better absorption of nutrients and utilization of space resources. The interaction between herbicide rate and spatial pattern was not significant for grain yield, indicating that a similar response for grain yield was observed in uniform and row planting pattern to different weed density (due to various application rate of pretilachlor).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The use of these machines is increasing because manual transplanting is a labour intensive operation in the cultivation of rice. At the same time, previous studies have shown that crop spatial pattern can affect crop growth, grain yield and herbicide efficacy (OLSEN et al, 2012, OLSEN et al, 2005, WEINER et al, 2001. A recent study, Olsen et al (2012) observed that increased crop uniformity had a negative effect on weed biomass, and concluded that crop pattern effects on weeds occur only through size-asymmetric competition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A recent study, Olsen et al (2012) observed that increased crop uniformity had a negative effect on weed biomass, and concluded that crop pattern effects on weeds occur only through size-asymmetric competition. Olsen et al (2005) have shown that a highly uniform pattern of wheat plants suppresses weeds 30% better than plants distributed in row pattern. Weiner et al (2001) reported that a highly uniform sowing pattern combined with increased crop density reduced weed biomass in spring wheat by 60% compared with normal sowing practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of spatial pattern and cultivar on weed control and grain yield in rice at reduced rates of herbicide

Aminpanah¹

2015

Biosci. J.

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ABSTRACT:To evaluate the effects of herbicide rate, cultivar, and spatial pattern on rice grain yield and weed suppression, a field experiment was conducted on a lowland rice field at the Rice Research Station of Tonekabon, north of Iran, in 2011. The experimental design was a split plot-factorial where the whole plot portion was a randomized complete block with three replicates. Main plots were pretilachlor rates (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 L ha -1 of pretilachlor). The subplots were factorial combinations of two crop spatial patterns (uniform and wide-row planting patterns, 20× 20 and 30 × 13 cm, respectively) and two traditional rice cultivars ('Hashemi' and 'Deylamani'). Regardless of cultivar and spatial pattern, rice grain and biological yields, panicle number per m 2 , leaf area index, and herbicide efficacy increased, while weed biomass decreased with increasing pretilachlor application rate. Rice grain and biological yields, panicle number per m 2 , leaf area index, and herbicide efficacy were significantly greater in uniform planting pattern than in wide-row planting pattern when averaged over cultivars and pretilachlor rates. Moreover, uniform planting pattern of rice plants suppressed weeds 39% better than wide-row planting pattern as averaged across pretilchlor rates and cultivars. 'Deylamani' produced grater grain and biological yields, panicle number per m 2 , leaf area index than 'Hashemi' as averaged across pretilachlor rates and spatial patterns. This experiment illustrated that uniform spatial pattern increased weed suppression, herbicide efficacy, and grain yield.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of spatial pattern and cultivar on weed control and grain yield in rice at reduced rates of herbicide

Aminpanah¹

2015

Biosci. J.

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“…Superior weed suppression by spring wheat was found at high seeding density planted in a uniform grid, versus conventional row spacing (Olsen et al 2005a). Subsequent work showed that the more easily achieved random spreading of seed was almost as effective as the uniform grid pattern (Olsen et al 2005b). However, changing planting density and spatial arrangement may have unforeseen consequences.…”

Section: Increasing Crop Competitivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic interactions, ecological knowledge and agriculture

Shennan

2007

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

180

126

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This paper discusses biotic interactions in agroecosystems and how they may be manipulated to support crop productivity and environmental health by provision of ecosystem services such as weed, pest and disease management, nutrient cycling and biodiversity conservation. Important elements for understanding biotic interactions include consideration of the effects of diversity, species composition and food web structure on ecosystem processes; the impacts of timing, frequency and intensity of disturbance; and the importance of multitrophic interactions. All of these elements need to be considered at multiple scales that depend in part on the range of the movement of the organisms involved. These issues are first discussed in general, followed by an examination of the application of these concepts in agricultural management. The potential for a greater use of ecological management approaches is high; however, owing to the nature of complex interactions in ecosystems, there is some inherent unpredictability about responses to management interventions under different conditions. Such uncertainty needs to be accommodated in the development of recommendations for farm management. This requires an increased emphasis on the effective synthesis of complex and often apparently contradictory information and on field-based adaptive research, monitoring and social learning by farmer/researcher collaborations.

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“…In general, crop competitive ability can also be increased by improving planting uniformity. Olsen et al (2005a;2005b) reported that wheat produced more biomass and had less weed biomass as crop planting uniformity increased. According to Weiner et al (2001) a more uniform planting distribution should enable crops to compete more successfully with weeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of planting arrangement and phosphate biofertilizer on soybean under different weed interference periods

Mohammadi

Chatrnour

Jalali-Honarmand

et al. 2015

AAS

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of planting arrangement and phosphate biofertilizer on soybean yield and yield components under different weed interference periods at the Agricultural Research Farm of Razi University, Kermanshah, west Iran. The experiment was a factorial with three factors arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The first factor was planting arrangement (50 and 5 cm (P1) or 25 and 10 cm (P2) for inter-row and inter-plant spacings, respectively), the second factor was phosphate biofertilizer (no-inoculation (I0) and inoculation (I1)) and the third factor was weed treatment (full season weed-free condition (W0), weedy condition until soybean 4-trifoliate stage (W1), weedy condition until soybean flowering stage (W2) and full season weedy condition (W3)). Results revealed that the highest soybean yield occurred when weeds were controlled throughout the growing season and soybean was planted at the inter-row and inter-plant spacings of 25 and 10 cm, respectively (P2) whether phosphate biofertilizer was used or not. For both planting arrangements, full season weedy condition at the lack of the biofertilizer led to the lowest soybean yield produced. Weed biomass was not significantly affected by use of biofertilizer. The highest weed biomass was established in plots without weed control throughout the whole growing season and soybean was planted in a wider row spacing and a less uniform spatial arrangement (P1). Moreover, For W2 and W3 treatments, soybean planted in a narrower row spacing and a more uniform spatial arrangement (P2) produced a notable lower weed biomass, so that, this planting arrangement reduced weed biomass by 31.8 and 31.7 % in W2 and W3, respectively as compared to the P1 planting arrangement. It can be concluded that soybean planting in a more uniform spatial arrangement via a narrower row spacing can significantly improve soybean yield and suppress weeds. Phosphate biofertilizer had no significant effect on soybean yield when soybean was planted as the P2 and weeds were controlled throughout the growing season.Key words: Glycine max, phosphate biofertilizer, planting arrangement, soybean yield, weed control IZVLEČEK UČINKI NAČINOV SETVE IN UPORABE FOSFORJEVIH BIO-GNOJIL NA PRIDELEK SOJE OD ČASOVNO RAZLIČNIH ZATIRANJ PLEVELOVV raziskavi, ki je bila izvedena na Agricultural Research Farm, Razi University, Kermanshah, zahodni Iran, so bili ovrednoteni učinki prostorske razporeditve rastlin (načinov setve) in uporabe fosforjevih bio-gnojil na pridelek soje in njegove komponente pri različnih zapleveljenostih. Poskus je bil zasnovan kot naključni bločni, trifaktorski poskus s štirimi ponovitvami. Prvi preučevani dejavnik je bila razporeditev rastlin v odvisnosti od načina setve, 50 in 5 cm (P1) ali 25 in 10 cm (P2), kot razdalji setve med vrstami in znotraj vrste. Drugi dejavnik je bila uporaba fosforjevih bio-gnojil (brez inokulacije (I0) in z inokulacijo (I1)) in tretji je bilo obravnavanje s pleveli (cela sezona brez plevelov ...

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Increased density and spatial uniformity increase weed suppression by spring wheat

Cited by 108 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of spatial pattern and cultivar on weed control and grain yield in rice at reduced rates of herbicide

Effects of spatial pattern and cultivar on weed control and grain yield in rice at reduced rates of herbicide

Biotic interactions, ecological knowledge and agriculture

The effects of planting arrangement and phosphate biofertilizer on soybean under different weed interference periods

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