In order to enhance the dissolution rate of dronedarone hydrochloride (DRN), a novel soluplus ® (polyethyleneglycol-polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate grafted copolymer)-based solid dispersion (SD) was formulated using a hot melt extrusion technique. The physical characteristics determined using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction, revealed that the active compound was molecularly dispersed in the amphiphilic polymer in a stable amorphous form. The dissolution rate of DRN from the tablet dosage form of SD extrudate consisted of the drug and Soluplus ® in a weight ratio of 1 : 1, and was obviously more rapid and higher than that of the intact drug and marketed product (Multaq ® , Sanofi, U.S.A.) at pH 1.2, 4.0 and 6.8. This suggests that Soluplus ® -based SD formula can be a promising approach for enhancing the dissolution and oral absorption of DRN with a simple preparation process.Key words dronedarone hydrochloride; Soluplus ® ; hot melt extrusion; dissolution Dronedarone hydrochloride (Fig. 1, DRN), an antiarrhythmic agent, has been recently prescribed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular hospitalization in patients with paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.1,2) In a clinical study, DRN effectively reduced hospitalization due to cardiovascular events or death due to any cause by 24.2% when compared to the placebo group.2) However, the oral absorption of DRN is quite challenging owing to its pH-dependent aqueous solubility; solubility in a weak acidic environment (pH 3 to 5) is about 1 to 2 mg/mL, but the solubility is remarkably decreased to one hundredth of a point in gastric fluid (pH 1.2) and/or intestinal fluid (pH 6.8).3) To improve oral absorption of the antiarrhythmic agent, the originator (Sanofi, U.S.A.) formulated an oral dosage form (Multaq ® tablet, 400 mg as base) based on the solid dispersion (SD) system using conventional solvent method, with a triblock copolymer of polypropylene glycol and polyethylene glycol.3) In the SD formula, the drug may be dispersed within the hydrophilic carrier at a molecular level in the amorphous state, and the formula provides a large surface, which enhances the dissolution rate of the poorly water-soluble molecule. [4][5][6] However, the oral absorption of the marketed product is still unsatisfactory. The absolute bioavailability (BA) of DRN was about 4% without food, while the BA was approximately 15% when administered with a high fat meal.
7)Hot melt extrusion (HME) is a promising preparation tool to prepare SD formulations for improved drug dissolution and oral BA.8) The mixture of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and hydrophilic carriers was melted at an elevated temperature and mixed homogeneously at a molecular level, resulting in an amorphous state of API dispersed in the carrier.9,10) The process to prepare extrudates by HME is relatively economic and does not require complicated processes used in the preparation of conventional solvents. Polyethyleneglycol (PEG)-polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl a...