Increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and metallothionein in varicocele and varicose veins

Jd, Lee; Chen, Lai; Wk, Yang; Th, Lee

doi:10.1258/phleb.2011.011051

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Lee et al . suggested higher expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐α and metallothionein in varicocele and varicose veins than in the control group, which might decrease vascular wall apoptosis and contribute to the dilation of veins . However, Yazici et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…14 Lee et al suggested higher expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-a and metallothionein in varicocele and varicose veins than in the control group, which might decrease vascular wall apoptosis and contribute to the dilation of veins. 15 However, Yazici et al reported that varicocele might not be attributable to a systemic vascular insufficiency, and is not significantly related to varicose veins. 9 In addition, Sakamoto et al suggested that patients with bilateral varicocele might have a higher chance of being associated with venous abnormalities than those with unilateral varicocele.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varicocele is associated with varicose veins: A population‐based case–control study

Lai

Hsueh

et al. 2015

Int J of Urology

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Objective: To analyze the association between patients with varicocele and varicose veins in Taiwan. Methods: Between 2001 and 2010, comprehensive data were analyzed on the characteristics of patients with varicocele and varicose veins in Taiwan through a retrospective, nationwide, population-based study. Data were obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. A total of 2727 cases with varicose veins and 10 908 randomly selected controls were included in this study. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between varicose veins and varicocele.Results: The prevalence of varicocele was 1.3% and 0.3% for cases (with varicose veins) and controls (without varicose vein), respectively (P < 0.001). Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio of being previously diagnosed with varicose veins for cases was 4.71 (95% confidence interval 2.87-7.89) when compared with controls after adjusting for age, diabetes, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, liver and kidney disease, and edema. Furthermore, the odds ratio was 5.96 (95% confidence interval 2.90-12.24), 4.76 (95% confidence interval 1.68-13.48) and 1.69 (95% confidence interval 0.30-9.55) in patients aged <50 years, 51-65 years and >65 years, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of male infertility was 15.1% for patients with varicocele and varicose veins, and 14.5% for patients with varicocele only, but no significant difference was observed. Conclusion: Our findings suggest an association between both varicocele and varicose veins. In addition, this association is higher in patients aged younger than 50 years. Evaluation of male patients with varicose veins for varicocele should be recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varicocele is associated with varicose veins: A population‐based case–control study

Lai

Hsueh

et al. 2015

Int J of Urology

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“…Specific markers of hypoxia found in varicocele include hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1a), vascular endothelial growth factor, and adrenomedullin (ADM). Several studies have examined the expression of HIF-a in internal spermatic vein tissue samples obtained during adult varicocelectomy and confirmed a dramatic up-regulation compared to controls [14,15]. Hu and colleagues compared fertile and infertile adults with varicocele by sampling the internal spermatic vein (ISV) and brachial vein for levels of HIF-1a and ADM [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dilemma of adolescent varicocele

Garcia-Roig

Kirsch

2015

Pediatr Surg Int

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Adolescent varicocele is associated with ipsilateral testicular hypotrophy and the concern for future infertility. A testicular size discrepancy greater than 15-20 % between left and right testicle is an indication for treatment to allow catch-up growth in the hope of preventing a future decline in fertility. Some authors advocate for a period of watchful waiting, as normal testicular growth may occur asymmetrically. We review the current literature to highlight some controversies and challenges in management.

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“…Many molecules from many different pathways are involved in the pathological processes associated with varicose veins. These molecules include hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1alpha) in the hypoxia pathway [7], the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) in the inflammatory pathway [8], poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) and bax in the apoptotic pathway [9], adhesion molecules and cytokines such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1alpha), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) [10]. However, these molecules account for only some of the tangled mechanisms, and many more remain to be identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrantly Expressed lncRNAs in Primary Varicose Great Saphenous Veins

Jiang

Jin

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulatory molecules involved in a variety of biological processes and human diseases. However, the pathological effects of lncRNAs on primary varicose great saphenous veins (GSVs) remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to identify aberrantly expressed lncRNAs involved in the prevalence of GSV varicosities and predict their potential functions. Using microarray with 33,045 lncRNA and 30,215 mRNA probes, 557 lncRNAs and 980 mRNAs that differed significantly in expression between the varicose great saphenous veins and control veins were identified in six pairs of samples. These lncRNAs were sub-grouped and mRNAs expressed at different levels were clustered into several pathways with six focused on metabolic pathways. Quantitative real-time PCR replication of nine lncRNAs was performed in 32 subjects, validating six lncRNAs (AF119885, AK021444, NR_027830, G36810, NR_027927, uc.345-). A coding-non-coding gene co-expression network revealed that four of these six lncRNAs may be correlated with 11 mRNAs and pathway analysis revealed that they may be correlated with another 8 mRNAs associated with metabolic pathways. In conclusion, aberrantly expressed lncRNAs for GSV varicosities were here systematically screened and validated and their functions were predicted. These findings provide novel insight into the physiology of lncRNAs and the pathogenesis of varicose veins for further investigation. These aberrantly expressed lncRNAs may serve as new therapeutic targets for varicose veins. The Human Ethnics Committee of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine approved the study (NO.: 2011-DF-53).

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Increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and metallothionein in varicocele and varicose veins

Cited by 26 publications

References 28 publications

Varicocele is associated with varicose veins: A population‐based case–control study

Varicocele is associated with varicose veins: A population‐based case–control study

The dilemma of adolescent varicocele

Aberrantly Expressed lncRNAs in Primary Varicose Great Saphenous Veins

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