Increased expression of the testicular estrogen receptor alpha in adult mice exposed to low doses of methiocarb

Han, Jiyou; Park, Soo‐Jin; Kim, Jae Hong; Kim, Ah Young; Won, Miae; Lee, Dong Ryul; Ko, Jeong-Jae; Yoon, Hyun-Joong; Sim, Se-Hoon; Lee, Kangseok; Bae, Jang–Ho

doi:10.1002/jat.1417

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…on rats (Methiocarb JMPR, 1998) and is classified as a highly hazardous (Class 1B) compound for acute oral effects by World Health Organization (Methiocarb RED Fact Sheet, 1994). In 2007, MC was included in an endocrine disrupter screening program of the US Environmental Protection Agency due to its multiple exposure pathways and high production volume (Han et al, 2009). The widespread use of pesticides has caused severe environmental pollution and health hazards, including cases of severe acute and chronic human poisoning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effects of methiocarb on oxidative damage and the protective effects of vitamin E and taurine in the liver and kidney of Wistar rats

et al. 2012

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Methiocarb (MC) is a widely used carbamate pesticide in agriculture and health programs. Although the main molecular mechanism of carbamate toxicity involves acetylcholinesterase inhibition, studies have also implicated the induction of oxidative stress. Therefore, the present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of acute MC exposure on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defense systems, histological changes in Wistar rats and the protective effect of pretreatment with vitamin E and taurine. A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into six groups. Rats in group I were given corn oil, while those in group III were dosed with vitamin E (100 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) and in group V were dosed with taurine (50 mg/kg b.w.). Rats in group II were administered with MC only (25 mg/kg b.w., 1/4 of median lethal dose (LD(50))), while those in groups IV and VI were pretreated with vitamin E (100 mg/kg b.w.) and taurine (50 mg/kg b.w.) for 20 days, respectively, and then exposed to MC (25 mg/kg b.w.). The rats administered with MC showed significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde in the liver and kidney as an index of lipid peroxidation. Levels of glutathione and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly increased, while activity of glutathione reductase remained unchanged in both the tissues after MC treatment. Mild degenerative histological changes were observed in liver tissue, while the changes in kidney tissue were more severe then liver after MC treatment. Pretreatment with vitamin E and taurine resulted in a significant decrease in the lipid peroxidation and alleviating effects on antioxidant defense systems in both the tissues, while protective effects on the histological changes were shown only in kidney when compared with liver. In conclusion, the study has demonstrated that the acute MC exposure in Wistar rats caused oxidative damage on liver and kidney, which were partly ameliorated by the pretreatment of vitamin E and taurine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effects of methiocarb on oxidative damage and the protective effects of vitamin E and taurine in the liver and kidney of Wistar rats

et al. 2012

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“…6). Although there is still no consensus regarding the testicular expression and localization of Esr1 in different species and previous studies on Lgr4 -null mice also indicated the reduction of Esr1 immunostaining was mainly observed in the epididymis and efferent ducts but not in the testis, several recent reports have clearly demonstrated that both mRNA and corresponding protein of Esr1 can be detected in the Sertoli cells in mouse and rat testes [36]–[38]. In addition, the Esr1 -knockut male mice are sterile and show atrophic testes with a loss of germ cells in the dilated seminiferous tubules [39], consistent with the phenotypes observed in Lgr4 -knock male mice [17], [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Naturally Occurring Lgr4 Splice Variant Encodes a Soluble Antagonist Useful for Demonstrating the Gonadal Roles of Lgr4 in Mammals

Hsu¹,

Wu²,

Kudo

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Leucine-rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) promotes the Wnt signaling through interaction with R-spondins or norrin. Using PCR amplification from rat ovarian cDNAs, we identified a naturally occurring Lgr4 splice variant encoding only the ectodomain of Lgr4, which was named Lgr4-ED. Lgr4-ED can be detected as a secreted protein in the extracts from rodent and bovine postnatal gonads, suggesting conservation of Lgr4-ED in mammals. Recombinant Lgr4-ED purified from the conditioned media of transfected 293T cells was found to dose-dependently inhibit the LGR4-mediated Wnt signaling induced by RSPO2 or norrin, suggesting that it is capable of ligand absorption and could have a potential role as an antagonist. Intraperitoneal injection of purified recombinant Lgr4-ED into newborn mice was found to significantly decrease the testicular expression of estrogen receptor alpha and aquaporin 1, which is similar to the phenotype found in Lgr4-null mice. Administration of recombinant Lgr4-ED to superovulated female rats can also decrease the expression of estrogen receptor alpha, aquaporin 1, LH receptor and other key steroidogenic genes as well as bring about the suppression of progesterone production. Thus, these findings suggest that endogenously expressed Lgr4-ED may act as an antagonist molecule and help to fine-tune the R-spondin/norrin-mediated Lgr4-Wnt signaling during gonadal development.

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“…Emetics can be used by inducing vomiting to enable the gastric system clear out the poison e.g., copper sulphate, Ipecac syrup [56].…”

Section: Emeticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphates Toxicity: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Okolonkwo¹,

Amadi²,

Chimekagbe³

2022

AJBGMB

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Pesticides are composed of chemicals that can be employed to kill pests or minimize their negative effects. Pesticides and other organophosphate containing compounds have been beneficial in agriculture, forestry, industries, and in households (as personal insect repellents). Chemical compounds known as organophosphates (OP) are produced when phosphoric acid and alcohol undergo esterification. Although pesticides are beneficial, they pose dangers to both humans and the environment and include the following are types of pesticides: herbicide, insecticides (which may include regulators for insect growth, termiticides), nematicide, molluscicide, piscicide, avicide, rodenticide, bactericide, insect repellent, animal repellent, antimicrobial, and fungicide. Organophosphate insecticides primarily work by inhibiting carboxyl ester hydrolases, especially acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Acetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter that is broken down by the enzyme AChE into acetic acid and choline. Non-specific nature and improper application of pesticides has led to toxicities such as eye stinging, blisters, rashes, blindness, nausea, lightheadedness, diarrhea, and even death. Long-term consequences include malignancies, birth defects, reproductive harm, immunotoxicity, neurological, renal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and endocrine system disruption. Organophosphate poisoning can be diagnosed in the laboratory through serum cholinesterase, urine alkylphosphate, and liver function test, while treatment can be done by administering antioxidants and emetics. This study is tailored towards highlighting organophosphates toxicity: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.

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Increased expression of the testicular estrogen receptor alpha in adult mice exposed to low doses of methiocarb

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Acute effects of methiocarb on oxidative damage and the protective effects of vitamin E and taurine in the liver and kidney of Wistar rats

Acute effects of methiocarb on oxidative damage and the protective effects of vitamin E and taurine in the liver and kidney of Wistar rats

A Naturally Occurring Lgr4 Splice Variant Encodes a Soluble Antagonist Useful for Demonstrating the Gonadal Roles of Lgr4 in Mammals

Organophosphates Toxicity: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

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