Increased expression of TIPE2 in alternatively activated macrophages is associated with eosinophilic inflammation and disease severity in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Abstract

The T-helper 2 milieu is able to induce TIPE2 expression in macrophages. TIPE2-positive M2 macrophages potentially contribute to eosinophilic inflammation and disease progression in CRSwNP.

Hemokinin‐1 stimulates C‐C motif chemokine ligand 24 production in macrophages to enhance eosinophilic inflammation in nasal polyps

“…In contrast to the finding in eosinophilic nasal polyps, we did not detect CCL24 expression in macrophages in non‐eosinophilic polyps. Our previous studies demonstrated a predominant M2 phenotype of macrophages in eosinophilic nasal polyps and skewed M1 phenotype of macrophages in non‐eosinophilic nasal polyps . In the present study, we found the macrophages in both eosinophilic and non‐eosinophilic polyps exhibited expression of NK1R.…”

“…Macrophages participate in the primary response to pathogens, coordination of the innate and adaptive immune response, and tissue repair and remodeling . Studies from our laboratory and others have demonstrated an increased infiltration of macrophages in nasal polyps . Moreover, another study suggested that the accumulation and activation of macrophages may induce local adaptive immunity by producing chemokines and recruiting naive T cells and immature dendritic cells in CRSwNP .…”

“…The human leukemia monocytic THP‐1 cell line was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD) and cultured in RPMI 1640 with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin‐streptomycin (Invitrogen) in a humidified incubator containing 5% CO 2 at 37°C . THP‐1 cells were differentiated into macrophages by treatment with 10 ng/mL phorbol‐12‐myristate‐13‐acetate (Sigma‐Aldrich) for 48 hours.…”

Deficiency in interleukin‐10 production by M2 macrophages in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

“…For immunofluorescence staining, the tissue sections were first stained with specific primary antibodies (see online) overnight at 4°C. After washing, the tissue sections were incubated with Alexa Fluor 568– and/or Alexa Fluor 488–conjugated secondary antibodies (1:100; Invitrogen, Paisley, UK) at room temperature for 2 hours . Total CD68 + macrophages, IRF5 + CD68 + M1 macrophages, CD163 + CD68 + M2 macrophages, CD206 + CD68 + M2 macrophages, and IL‐10 + CD68 + M2 macrophages were studied .…”

“…Although macrophages are involved in many diseases, the role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of CRS is poorly understood. Limited studies have demonstrated increased accumulation of M2 macrophages in CRSwNP, particularly the eosinophilic type . M2 macrophages in CRSwNP have been found to have impaired phagocytosis function.…”