Increased Expression of TLR4 and TLR7 but Not Prolactin mRNA by Peripheral Blood Monocytes in Active Celiac Disease

Brynychova, Iva; Hoffmanová, Iva; Dvorák, M; Dankova, Pavlina

doi:10.17219/acem/39940

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Similar to the recent study by Brynychova et al [ 22 ], we found that there was a significant difference of TLR4 but not for TLR2 mRNA in CD patients in peripheral blood compared to controls. However, in contrast to our study, they found that peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) from patients with active CD expressed significantly higher TLR7 mRNA levels than CD-GFD subjects and healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Diverse Profiles of Toll-Like Receptors 2, 4, 7, and 9 mRNA in Peripheral Blood and Biopsy Specimens of Patients with Celiac Disease

Ghasiyari

Rostami‐Nejad

Amani

et al. 2018

Journal of Immunology Research

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Background and Aims Both adaptive and innate immunity are involved in the development of celiac disease (CD). Altered Toll-like receptors (TLR) expression and activation may be partially responsible for the inflammation and subsequently crypt hyperplasia, but the main driver for inflammation is gliadin-reactive T-cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the TLRs 2, 4, 7, and 9 gene expressions in both peripheral blood and intestinal mucosa of patients with celiac disease compared to healthy control (HC). Material and Methods Blood samples from 120 confirmed active CD patients and 120 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers served as control group were collected during 2015-2016. Also, 20 biopsy specimens from the study group were randomly collected. Total RNA was isolated using a standard commercial kit. The mRNA expression of TLRs was quantified by relative qPCR with β2 microglobulin (β2m) as a reference gene. Results TLR4 (P = 0.01) and TLR9 (P = 0.02) mRNA were significantly elevated in blood samples from CD patients compared to the healthy controls. Moreover, TLR2 (P = 0.03) and TLR4 (P = 0.0003) expression level was increased in CD biopsy specimens compared to controls, whereas expression of TLR9 mRNA was significantly decreased in CD patients. There was no significant difference in the expression of TLR7 in biopsy and blood specimens. Conclusions The alteration of TLR4 and TLR9 expression in the blood and biopsy samples of patients with CD supports the critical role of the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of this disease. Upregulation of TLR4 and TLR9 suggests the contribution of gut microbiota or dysregulation of the immune response to commensal flora in small bowel mucosa in celiac patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Diverse Profiles of Toll-Like Receptors 2, 4, 7, and 9 mRNA in Peripheral Blood and Biopsy Specimens of Patients with Celiac Disease

Ghasiyari

Rostami‐Nejad

Amani

et al. 2018

Journal of Immunology Research

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“…S100A8/A9 is known to be involved in binding TLR4 and activating TLR4-Myd88 signalling [17]. TLR4 plays a pivotal role in controlling allergic inflammation [17], which was found to be significantly increased in Food allergies patients but undetectable in many patients with treated food allergies [18]. The activation of TLR4dependent signals inhibits allergic responses to food antigens in experimental animals, and TLR4 knockout mice are highly susceptible to developing food allergies [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in inflammatory factors in the Brown Norway rat model of food allergy

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2021

BMC Immunol

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Background The role of serum S100A8/A9 in intestinal inflammation has been confirmed, and its role in food allergy is currently being investigated. Objective To explore the levels of S100A8/A9 and inflammatory factors, including Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4), Nuclear transcription factors (NF-κB) and Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), in mild food allergies. Methods Eighty 3-week-old male Brown Norway rats were used. Forty rats were randomly assigned to the ovalbumin-sensitized experimental group, while 40 rats were assigned to the normal saline sham-sensitized control group. Body weight and length and the levels of serum ovalbumin-specific IgE (OVA-IgE), histamine, Th1-associated and Th2-associated factors, S100A8/A9 and inflammation-associated cytokines were compared. Results Through the evaluation of OVA-IgE level and Th1/Th2 balance in the experimental group, a successful IgE-mediated food allergy model was constructed. Compared with the control group, the experimental group had higher serum S100A8/A9 levels on days 21, 28, 35 and 42 (all P < 0.05); higher TLR4 levels on days 28, 35 and 42 (all P < 0.05); higher TNF-α levels on days 28, 35 and 42 (all P < 0.05); higher NF-κB levels on days 35 and 42 (all P < 0.05); and higher IL-1β and IL-6 levels on days 7 to 42 (all P < 0.05). Moreover, positive correlations were found between the serum levels of S100A8/A9 and inflammation-associated cytokines [TNF-α: r = 0.378, P = 0.039; IL-1β: r = 0.679, P = 0.000; IL-6: r = 0.590, P = 0.001]. Conclusion S100A8/A9 and inflammatory-related factors, including TLR4, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, is closely related to food allergies. Moreover, immune and inflammatory factors interact with each other in food allergies, which may provide insight into food allergy causes and treatments.

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Immunoregulatory properties of cell-free DNA in plasma of celiac disease patients – A pilot study

et al. 2019

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Increased Expression of TLR4 and TLR7 but Not Prolactin mRNA by Peripheral Blood Monocytes in Active Celiac Disease

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Diverse Profiles of Toll-Like Receptors 2, 4, 7, and 9 mRNA in Peripheral Blood and Biopsy Specimens of Patients with Celiac Disease

Diverse Profiles of Toll-Like Receptors 2, 4, 7, and 9 mRNA in Peripheral Blood and Biopsy Specimens of Patients with Celiac Disease

Changes in inflammatory factors in the Brown Norway rat model of food allergy

Immunoregulatory properties of cell-free DNA in plasma of celiac disease patients – A pilot study

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