2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2017.09.010
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Increased expression of type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor among patients with rotator cuff lesions and shoulder stiffness

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Cited by 7 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…However, the biological reasons for this association remain unknown. An inflammatory cascade involving synovial cells and capsular fibroblasts and resulting in fibrosis s likely to lie behind the development of SS, with recent studies confirming the presence of several inflammatory mediators within the joints of patients with SS 9,30,31,34 . This inflammatory-fibrotic cascade is triggered by over-expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and other cytokines 36,37 , and leads first to a fibroblastic hyperplasia of the synovium, then to a phenotypic shift of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and an imbalance in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) homeostasis; this eventually leads to the alterations of the connective tissue in the glenohumeral capsule typical of the final stage of the disease 36 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…However, the biological reasons for this association remain unknown. An inflammatory cascade involving synovial cells and capsular fibroblasts and resulting in fibrosis s likely to lie behind the development of SS, with recent studies confirming the presence of several inflammatory mediators within the joints of patients with SS 9,30,31,34 . This inflammatory-fibrotic cascade is triggered by over-expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and other cytokines 36,37 , and leads first to a fibroblastic hyperplasia of the synovium, then to a phenotypic shift of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and an imbalance in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) homeostasis; this eventually leads to the alterations of the connective tissue in the glenohumeral capsule typical of the final stage of the disease 36 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…By summation of the measured ROM, the sum of range of motion (SROM) was obtained [ 12 ]. Shoulder stiffness was defined by loss of more than 50% of range of motion in any direction or the SROM < 270° [ 24 ]. The clinical parameters were assessed before and 1 week, 4 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after intervention.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Patients were deemed to have SS if total ROM was <270°. We have been employed these criteria in the serial studies published by our team [ 3 , 18 ].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Tissues were ground under liquid nitrogen free from RNAase, and the total RNA was extracted by an RNA purification kit (RiboPure, Thermo Fisher Scientific). One microgram of extracted RNA was reverse-transcribed into complementary DNA (Step One Real-Time PCR System; Thermo Fisher Scientific) following the manufacturer’s instructions [ 3 ]. The threshold cycle (Ct) was determined as the cycle number when the fluorescence signal became identifiable.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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