Increased gait variability in mice with small cerebellar cortex lesions and normal rotarod performance

Gantois, Ilse; Pooters, Tine; D’Hooge, Rudi

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.11.034

Cited by 46 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Although studies have reported that stride length variability is increased in mice with cerebellar lesions [7], we did not detect any alterations in this measure in olivocerebellar lesioned rats. This difference may be attributed to methodology because the data for the former was based on a single trial following a 30 second habituation to the apparatus [7], whereas data collected in the present study represented a sample of the animal’s best performance, and was dependent upon animals engaging in sustained walking for at least 6 successive strides.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

“…This difference may be attributed to methodology because the data for the former was based on a single trial following a 30 second habituation to the apparatus [7], whereas data collected in the present study represented a sample of the animal’s best performance, and was dependent upon animals engaging in sustained walking for at least 6 successive strides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, although increased hindpaw stance width has been shown to be manifest by two unrelated transgenic ataxic mouse models [5, 6], this alteration was not present in other studies using a ‘Lurcher-like’ mouse or following cerebellar lesions [7, 8]. A careful analysis of these studies indicates that for the former, animals were tested at a treadmill speed of 35 cm/s, whereas for the latter, animals were run at 22 and 15 cm/s, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gait analysis and the cumulative gait index (CGI): Translational tools to assess impairments exhibited by rats with olivocerebellar ataxia

Lambert¹,

Philpot²,

Engberg³

et al. 2014

Behavioural Brain Research

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Deviations from ‘normal’ locomotion exhibited by humans and laboratory animals may be determined using automated systems that capture both temporal and spatial gait parameters. Although many measures generated by these systems are unrelated and independent, some may be related and dependent, representing redundant assessments of function. To investigate this possibility, a treadmill-based system was used to capture gait parameters from normal and ataxic rats, and a multivariate analysis was conducted to determine deviations from normal. Rats were trained on the treadmill at two speeds, and gait parameters were generated prior to and following lesions of the olivocerebellar pathway. Control (non-lesioned) animals exhibited stable hindlimb gait parameters across assessments at each speed. Lesioned animals exhibited alterations in multiple hindlimb gait parameters, characterized by significant increases in stride frequency, braking duration, stance width, step angle, and paw angle and decreases in stride, stance, swing and propulsion durations, stride length and paw area. A principal component analysis of initial hindlimb measures indicated 3 uncorrelated factors mediating performance, termed rhythmicity, thrust and contact. Deviation in the performance of each animal from the group mean was determined for each factor and values summed to yield the Cumulative Gait Index (CGI), a single value reflecting variation within the group. The CGI for lesioned animals increased 2.3-fold relative to unlesioned animals. This study characterizes gait alterations in laboratory rats rendered ataxic by destruction of the climbing fiber pathway innervating Purkinje cells and demonstrates that a single index can be used to describe overall gait impairments.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gait analysis and the cumulative gait index (CGI): Translational tools to assess impairments exhibited by rats with olivocerebellar ataxia

Lambert¹,

Philpot²,

Engberg³

et al. 2014

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…Ladder Rung Test Cerebellar lesions result in abnormalities in skilled voluntary movement and have recently been shown to increase gait variability in mice [58]. The ladder rung test is sensitive to subtle sensorimotor disturbances in rodents and is used to assess skilled walking and measures limb placement and coordination [59,60].…”

Section: Rotarod Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Immune Activation Produces Cerebellar Hyperplasia and Alterations in Motor and Social Behaviors in Male and Female Mice

et al. 2015

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There have been suggestions that maternal immune activation is associated with alterations in motor behavior in offspring. To explore this further, we treated pregnant mice with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), a viral mimetic that activates the innate immune system, or saline on embryonic days 13-15. At postnatal day (P) 18, offspring cerebella were collected from perfused brains and immunostained as whole-mounts for zebrin II. Measurements of zebrin II+/- stripes in both sexes indicated that prenatal poly(I:C)-exposed offspring had significantly wider stripes; this difference was also seen in similarly treated offspring in adulthood (~P120). When sagittal sections of the cerebellum were immunostained for calbindin and Purkinje cell numbers were counted, we observed greater numbers of Purkinje cells in poly(I:C) offspring at both P18 and ~ P120. In adolescence (~P40), both male and female prenatal poly(I:C)-exposed offspring exhibited poorer performance on the rotarod and ladder rung tests; deficits in performance on the latter test persisted into adulthood. Offspring of both sexes from poly(I:C) dams also exhibited impaired social interaction in adolescence, but this difference was no longer apparent in adulthood. Our results suggest that maternal immune exposure at a critical time of cerebellum development can enhance neuronal survival or impair normal programmed cell death of Purkinje cells, with lasting consequences on cerebellar morphology and a variety of motor and non-motor behaviors.

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“…Rats were placed on the cylinder and the first fall was timed to a maximum of 360 sec as well as the number of falls up to five times in one session (Shiotsuki et al, 2010;Stroobants et al, 2013).…”

Section: Rotarodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Tea Treatment Attenuates Oxidative Damage and Neuromotor Deficit Induced by an Experimental Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats

Souza

Altermann

Martins

et al. 2016

Neuroscience International

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The present study shows the neuroprotective effect of green tea supplementation (GT; Camellia sinensis) in a model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) in rats. ICH was induced by intra-striatum collagenase infusion in male Wistar rats. GT (400 mg Kg ) was administered via gavage for 10 days after ICH. We assessed the effect of GT on neuromotor recovery and oxidative damage. Our results show that ICH causes neuromotor deficits observed by Neurological Deficit Scale (NDS), Open Field (OF) and Rotarod (RR). GT treatment attenuates this deficit on day 3 for NDS and OF and on day 7 for RR. Also, ICH increases Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation, what is not observed in ICH + GT group. Currently, there are no effective pharmacologic or non-pharmacologic neuroprotective treatments for ICH. Nutritional interventions that help on its outcome are important, since they are generally accessible and have few side effects.

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Increased gait variability in mice with small cerebellar cortex lesions and normal rotarod performance

Cited by 46 publications

References 54 publications

Gait analysis and the cumulative gait index (CGI): Translational tools to assess impairments exhibited by rats with olivocerebellar ataxia

Gait analysis and the cumulative gait index (CGI): Translational tools to assess impairments exhibited by rats with olivocerebellar ataxia

Maternal Immune Activation Produces Cerebellar Hyperplasia and Alterations in Motor and Social Behaviors in Male and Female Mice

Green Tea Treatment Attenuates Oxidative Damage and Neuromotor Deficit Induced by an Experimental Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats

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