Increased IgG antibody responses to excretory/secretory antigens in neonates born from mothers infected with filarial nematodes

Achary, K. Gopinath; Bal, Madhusmita; Mandal, Nityananda; Satapathy, Alok

doi:10.1017/s0022149x16000778

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Fetally memory T cells have been also found in uninfected children born to mothers infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ( 91 ), hepatitis B virus (HBV) ( 92 ), hepatitis C virus (HCV) ( 93 ), or plasmodium ( 94 ). In endemic regions, it has been observed that maternal infection by helminths, including filariasis ( 95 ), schistosomiasis ( 96 ), onchocerciasis ( 97 ), and ascariasis ( 98 ) was associated with fetal lymphocytic responses and the consequent production of specific immunoglobulins. If fetal immune cells respond to antigens of infectious agents carried by the mother, it seems reasonable that the fetal immune system may also respond to maternal antigen exposure to pathogens.…”

Section: How Maternal Vaccination Impacts the Immune System In Early Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective Role of Maternal Immunization in Early Life

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With birth, the newborn is transferred from a quasi-sterile environment to the outside world. At this time, the neonatal immune system is inexperienced and continuously subject to a process of development as it encounters different antigenic stimuli after birth. It is initially characterized by a bias toward T helper 2 phenotype, reduced T helper 1, and cytotoxic responses to microbial stimuli, low levels of memory, and effector T and B cells and a high production of suppressive T regulatory cells. The aim of this setting, during fetal life, is to maintain an anti-inflammatory state and immune-tolerance. Maternal antibodies are transferred during pregnancy through the placenta and, in the first weeks of life of the newborn, they represent a powerful tool for protection. Thus, optimization of vaccination in pregnancy represents an important strategy to reduce the burden of neonatal infections and sepsis. Beneficial effects of maternal immunization are universally recognized, although the optimal timing of vaccination in pregnancy remains to be defined. Interestingly, the dynamic exchange that takes place at the fetal-maternal interface allows the transfer not only of antibodies, but also of maternal antigen presenting cells, probably in order to stimulate the developing fetal immune system in a harmless way. There are still controversial effects related to maternal immunization including the so called “immunology blunting,” i.e., a dampened antibody production following infant's vaccination in those infants who received placentally transferred maternal immunity. However, clinical relevance of this phenomenon is still not clear. This review will provide an overview of the evolution of the immune system in early life and discuss the benefits of maternal vaccination. Current maternal vaccination policies and their rationale will be summarized on the road to promising approaches to enhance immunity in the neonate.

show abstract

Section: How Maternal Vaccination Impacts the Immune System In Early Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective Role of Maternal Immunization in Early Life

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In endemic regions, in utero sensitization to helminths has also been demonstrated by the detection of fetal lymphocyte responses to parasite antigens and the detection of specific immunoglobulins in cord blood. These include filariasis ( 20 ), schistosomiasis ( 21 ), onchocerciasis ( 22 ), and ascariasis ( 23 ). In utero exposure to helminths may also influence the neonatal response to subsequent vaccinations.…”

Section: Transfer Of Infectious Antigens and Allergens During Pregnanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Passive Immunity: Is There Priming of the Fetal Immune System Following Vaccination in Pregnancy and What Are the Potential Clinical Implications?

Wilcox

Jones

2018

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infection is responsible for over half a million neonatal deaths worldwide every year, and vaccination in pregnancy is becoming increasingly recognized as an important strategy for the protection of young infants. Increasing evidence suggests that exposure to maternal infection in utero may “prime” the developing immune system, even in the absence of infant infection. It is also possible that in utero priming may occur following maternal vaccination, with antigen-specific cellular immune responses detectable in utero and at birth. However, this remains a topic of some controversy. This review focuses on the evidence for in utero priming and the clinical implications for vaccination in pregnancy, considering whether in utero priming following vaccination could provide protection independent of antibody-mediated passive immunity, the possible effects of vaccination on subsequent infant vaccinations, their potential “non-specific” effects, and how the design and timing of vaccination might affect prenatal priming. Looking forward, we describe other possible options for quantifying antigen-specific cellular responses, including MHC tetramers, novel proliferation and cytokine-based assays, and animal models. Together, these may help us address future research questions and establish more robust evidence of fetal immune system priming.

show abstract

Increased IgG antibody responses to excretory/secretory antigens in neonates born from mothers infected with filarial nematodes

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

The Protective Role of Maternal Immunization in Early Life

The Protective Role of Maternal Immunization in Early Life

Beyond Passive Immunity: Is There Priming of the Fetal Immune System Following Vaccination in Pregnancy and What Are the Potential Clinical Implications?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About