Increased incidence of cancer observed in HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients versus HIV-monoinfected

Meijide, Héctor; Pértega, Sonia; Rodríguez-Osorio, Iria; Castro‐Iglesias, Ángeles; Baliñas, Josefa; Rodríguez-Martínez, Guillermo; Mena, Álvaro; Poveda, Eva

doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000001448

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…For example, 1 study showed the general loss of CD4 1 T cells correlated with the loss of EBV-specific CD8 1 T cells in subjects progressing to EBV-related NHL. 13 Coinfection with hepatitis B or C also appears to increase the risk of NHL [14][15][16] through a mechanism that includes chronic immune stimulation, although the precise pathway remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Hiv-associated Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing treatment of HIV-associated lymphoma

Noy¹

2019

Blood

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Section: Pathogenesis Of Hiv-associated Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing treatment of HIV-associated lymphoma

Noy¹

2019

Blood

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“…8 As with the general population, 38 many of these cancers are linked to lifestyle factors and comorbidities such as smoking and hepatitis C virus, both major sources of mortality among PLHIV. [39][40][41] Emphasis should be placed on targeting such behaviours and treating comorbidities such as chronic viral hepatitis in order to prevent cancer. pean cohorts were pooled in June 2014, within COHERE in EuroCoord.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the cohort of PLHIV ages, they will be at increased risk of cancers not considered related to HIV that were previously rarely seen . As with the general population, many of these cancers are linked to lifestyle factors and comorbidities such as smoking and hepatitis C virus, both major sources of mortality among PLHIV . Emphasis should be placed on targeting such behaviours and treating co‐morbidities such as chronic viral hepatitis in order to prevent cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cause‐specific mortality after diagnosis of cancer among HIV‐positive patients: A collaborative analysis of cohort studies

Trickey

May

Gill

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Cancer

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People living with HIV (PLHIV) are more likely than the general population to develop AIDS‐defining malignancies (ADMs) and several non‐ADMs (NADMs). Information is lacking on survival outcomes and cause‐specific mortality after cancer diagnosis among PLHIV. We investigated causes of death within 5 years of cancer diagnosis in PLHIV enrolled in European and North American HIV cohorts starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) 1996–2015, aged ≥16 years, and subsequently diagnosed with cancer. Cancers were grouped: ADMs, viral NADMs and nonviral NADMs. We calculated cause‐specific mortality rates (MR) after diagnosis of specific cancers and compared 5‐year survival with the UK and France general populations. Among 83,856 PLHIV there were 4,436 cancer diagnoses. Of 603 deaths after ADM diagnosis, 292 (48%) were due to an ADM. There were 467/847 (55%) and 74/189 (39%) deaths that were due to an NADM after nonviral and viral NADM diagnoses, respectively. MR were higher for diagnoses between 1996 and 2005 versus 2006–2015: ADMs 102 (95% CI 92–113) per 1,000 years versus 88 (78–100), viral NADMs 134 (106–169) versus 111 (93–133) and nonviral NADMs 264 (232–300) versus 226 (206–248). Estimated 5‐year survival for PLHIV diagnosed with liver (29% [19–39%]), lung (18% [13–23%]) and cervical (75% [63–84%]) cancer was similar to general populations. Survival after Hodgkin's lymphoma diagnosis was lower in PLHIV (75% [67–81%]). Among ART‐treated PLHIV diagnosed with cancer, MR and causes of death varied by cancer type, with mortality highest for liver and lung cancers. Deaths within 5 years of NADM diagnoses were more likely to be from cancer than AIDS.

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“…HCV therapies are not yet widely available in Myanmar, especially to vulnerable or indigent populations, and official guidance has only recently recommended using Direct Acting Anti-retrovirals (DAAs) rather than older, less expensive interferon based therapies that can interact with ART. Recent evidence has also suggested that people co-infected with HIV and HCV have a higher incidence of other illnesses, such as an almost two-fold risk of developing cancer [17]. The HIV/HCV co-infection rates seen in these fishermen, as well as the inter-related patterns of fishing, injecting drugs, and transactional sex, warrant further in depth study to better target HIV and HCV prevention and screening efforts, as well as better treatment of both diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased hepatitis C virus co-infection and injection drug use in HIV-infected fishermen in Myanmar

et al. 2018

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BackgroundIn Southeast Asia, though fishermen are known to be a key population at high risk of HIV, little is known about their co-infection rates with Hepatitis C virus (HCV), or how illness and risk behaviors vary by occupation or type of fishermen. In Myanmar, this lack of knowledge is particularly acute, despite the fact that much of the country’s border is coastline.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis to assess clinical, demographic, and risk characteristics of HIV-infected, ≥15-year-old males under HIV care from 2004 to 2014. Subgroups of fishermen were categorized according to the location of fishing activities, boat ownership, and length of time at sea. Generalized linear models assessed odds of high risk behaviors, including MSM (men who have sex with men), transactional sex, injection drug use (IDU), and HCV co-infection among international, local subsistence, and national migrant fishermen.ResultsOf 2798 adult males who enrolled in HIV care between 2004 and 2014, 41.9% (n = 1172) were fishermen. Among these, migrants had the highest odds of engaging in risk behaviors such as sex work (Myanmar national migrants: OR 3.26 95% CI: 2.20 to 4.83), and injecting drugs (international migrants: OR 2.93, 95% CI: 1.22 to 3.87) when compared to the general male HIV clinic population. 15.9% of all fishermen reported past or current IDU (23.0% of international migrants). 22.8% of all fishermen were also co-infected with HCV, and though predictably injectors had the highest odds (OR 20.1, 95% CI: 13.7 to 29.5), even after controlling for other risk factors, fishermen retained higher odds (OR 2.37 95% CI: 1.70 to 3.32).ConclusionsHIV positive fishermen in Myanmar had higher odds of HCV co-infection. They also disproportionally injected drugs and engaged in transactional sex more than other patients. This is especially pronounced among international migrant fishermen. HIV-infected fishermen should be counseled on high risk activities, screened for HCV, and targeted by harm reduction programs.

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Increased incidence of cancer observed in HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients versus HIV-monoinfected

Abstract: PLWH have a higher incidence of NADC than the general population and HCV-coinfection is associated with a higher incidence of NADC. These data justify the need for prevention strategies in these two populations and the importance of eradicating HCV.

Cited by 19 publications

References 40 publications

Optimizing treatment of HIV-associated lymphoma

Optimizing treatment of HIV-associated lymphoma

Cause‐specific mortality after diagnosis of cancer among HIV‐positive patients: A collaborative analysis of cohort studies

Increased hepatitis C virus co-infection and injection drug use in HIV-infected fishermen in Myanmar

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