Increased microbial expression of organic nitrogen cycling genes in long-term warmed grassland soils

Séneca, Joana; Söllinger, Andrea; Herbold, Craig W.; Pjevac, Petra; Prommer, Judith; Verbruggen, Erik; Sigurðsson, Bjarni D.; Peñuelas, Josep; Janssens, Ivan A.; Urich, Tim; Tveit, Alexander Tøsdal; Richter, Andreas

doi:10.1038/s43705-021-00073-5

Cited by 36 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…DNA tells us the quantity of genes related to our enzyme, while RNA tells us its level of activation, offering, therefore, more dynamic information (Malik et al, 2020; Urich et al, 2008). A fruitful field of application of genomic and transcriptomic techniques is the study of biogeochemical cycles, where particular attention has been given to the nitrogen cycle (Séneca et al, 2021). The contribution of these techniques to soil enzymology is nevertheless still relatively limited, mainly due to methodological constraints and the complexity of the relations between gene expression and enzymatic activity (Piotrowska‐Długosz, 2020).…”

Section: Soil Extracellular Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered activities of extracellular soil enzymes by the interacting global environmental changes

Zuccarini

Sardans

Asensio

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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Soil enzymes are crucial in mediating ecosystems' responses to environmental drivers, so that the comprehension of their sensitivity to drivers of global change can help make predictions of future scenarios and design tailored interventions of biomanipulation. Drivers of global change usually act in combination of two or more, and indirect effects of one driver acting through modification of another one often occur, yet most of both manipulative and meta‐analysis studies available tend to focus on the direct effect of one single driver on the activity of specific soil enzymes. One of the biggest challenges is, therefore, represented by the difficulty in assessing the interactions between different drivers, due to the complexity of disentangling the single direct effects from the indirect and combined ones. In this review, after elucidating the general mechanisms of soil enzyme production and activity regulation, we display the state‐of‐the‐art knowledge on direct, indirect and combined effects of the main drivers of global change on soil enzyme activities, identify gaps in knowledge and challenges from research, plus we analyse how this can reverberate in the future of biomanipulation techniques for the improvement of ecosystem services. We conclude that qualitative but not quantitative outcomes can be predicted for some interactions such as warming + drought or warming + CO2, while for other ones, the results are controversial: future basic research will have to center on this holistic approach. A general trend toward the overall increase of soil enzyme activities and acceleration of biogeochemical cycles will persist, until an inflection will be caused by factors such as future shifts in microbial communities and changes in carbon use efficiency. Applied research will develop toward the refinement of “in situ” analytical systems for the study of soil enzyme activities and the support of bioengineering for the better tailoring of interventions of biomanipulation.

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Section: Soil Extracellular Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered activities of extracellular soil enzymes by the interacting global environmental changes

Zuccarini

Sardans

Asensio

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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“…The main groups of soil ON compounds are aliphatic-N, including polysaccharide N and amino-N as well as aromatic N, such as those present in soil humus ( Chen and Xu, 2006 ; Talbot and Treseder, 2010 ). These large molecules can be degraded by enzymes of ErM fungi into monomers, such as oligomer, small peptides, and amino acids ( Talbot and Treseder, 2010 ) which are small enough for soil microbes and plants to take up or further mineralize and incorporate as ammonium and nitrate ( Séneca et al., 2021 ). Studies have shown that mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots can take up amino acids.…”

Section: Ericoid Mycorrhizal Fungi Enhance Plant Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ericoid mycorrhizal fungi as biostimulants for improving propagation and production of ericaceous plants

et al. 2022

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The mutualistic relationship between mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots is a widespread terrestrial symbiosis. The symbiosis enables plants to better adapt to adverse soil conditions, enhances plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, and improves plant establishment and growth. Thus, mycorrhizal fungi are considered biostimulants. Among the four most common types of mycorrhizae, arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and ectomycorrhiza (EcM) have been more intensively studied than ericoid mycorrhiza (ErM) and orchidaceous mycorrhiza (OrM). ErM fungi can form symbiotic relationships with plants in the family Ericaceae. Economically important plants in this family include blueberry, bilberry, cranberry, and rhododendron. ErM fungi are versatile as they are both saprotrophic and biotrophic. Increasing reports have shown that they can degrade soil organic matter, resulting in the bioavailability of nutrients for plants and microbes. ErM fungi can synthesize hormones to improve fungal establishment and plant root initiation and growth. ErM colonization enables plants to effective acquisition of mineral nutrients. Colonized plants are able to tolerate different abiotic stresses, including drought, heavy metals, and soil salinity as well as biotic stresses, such as pathogen infections. This article is intended to briefly introduce ErM fungi and document their beneficial effects on ericaceous plants. It is anticipated that the exploration of this special group of fungi will further improve our understanding of their value of symbiosis to ericaceous plants and ultimately result in the application of valuable species or strains for improving the establishment and growth of ericaceous plants.

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“…For example, the increased precipitation raised organic P mineralization in soil by favoring phoD bacteria and increased P availability in wet tropical forests (Sun et al., 2020). Considering that rising global temperatures will accelerate SOM decomposition by increasing microbial activity (Séneca et al., 2021), we hypothesize that soil P availability will increase with warming and rising precipitation, especially when combined, due to accelerated microbial mineralization of Po. However, studies on how the abundance of soil PCGs changes with climate factors are rather scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial phosphorus‐cycling genes in soil under global change

Wang,

Guo,

Wang

et al. 2024

Global Change Biology

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The ongoing climate change on the Tibetan Plateau, leading to warming and precipitation anomalies, modifies phosphorus (P) cycling in alpine meadow soils. However, the interactions and cascading effects of warming and precipitation changes on the key “extracellular” and “intracellular” P cycling genes (PCGs) of bacteria are largely unknown for these P‐limited ecosystems. We used metagenomics to analyze the individual and combined effects of warming and altered precipitation on soil PCGs and P transformation in a manipulation experiment. Warming and increased precipitation raised Olsen‐P (bioavailable P, AP) by 13% and 20%, respectively, mainly caused by augmented hydrolysis of organic P compounds (NaOH‐Po). The decreased precipitation reduced soil AP by 5.3%. The richness and abundance of the PCGs' community in soils on the cold Tibetan plateau were more sensitive to warming than altered precipitation. The abundance of PCGs and P cycling processes decreased under the influence of individual climate change factors (i.e., warming and altered precipitation alone), except for the warming combined with increased precipitation. Pyruvate metabolism, phosphotransferase system, oxidative phosphorylation, and purine metabolism (all “intracellular” PCG) were closely correlated with P pools under climate change conditions. Specifically, warming recruited bacteria with the phoD and phoX genes, which encode enzymes responsible for phosphoester hydrolysis (extracellular P cycling), strongly accelerated organic P mineralization and so, directly impacted P bioavailability in alpine soil. The interactions between warming and altered precipitation profoundly influenced the PCGs' community and facilitated microbial adaptation to these environmental changes. Warming combined with increased precipitation compensated for the detrimental impacts of the individual climate change factors on PCGs. In conclusion, warming combined with rising precipitation has boosting effect on most P‐related functions, leading to the acceleration of P cycling within microbial cells and extracellularly, including mineralization and more available P release for microorganisms and plants in alpine soils.

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Increased microbial expression of organic nitrogen cycling genes in long-term warmed grassland soils

Cited by 36 publications

References 62 publications

Altered activities of extracellular soil enzymes by the interacting global environmental changes

Altered activities of extracellular soil enzymes by the interacting global environmental changes

Ericoid mycorrhizal fungi as biostimulants for improving propagation and production of ericaceous plants

Microbial phosphorus‐cycling genes in soil under global change

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