Increased muscle dynamic endurance associated with weight reduction on a very-low-calorie diet

Krotkiewski, M; Grimby, Gunnar; Holm, Göran; Szczepanik, Jozimar Carlos

doi:10.1093/ajcn/51.3.321

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Molar input ratios were plotted against signal intensity ratios determined by scanning autoradiographs plain the downregulation of UCP3 expression in our post-obese patients. In obese subjects, weight loss caused by a prolonged low-calorie diet enhanced muscle dynamic endurance, improved the fractional velocity of contraction and reduced the rate of glucose oxidation [41]. In addition, UCP3 and UCP2 expression decreased in response to endurance training in rats [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncoupling protein-3 gene expression: reduced skeletal muscle mRNA in obese humans during pronounced weight loss

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity, the most common nutritional problem in Western societies, is caused by a sustained imbalance of food intake and energy expenditure. A long-term reduction in energy dissipation could therefore be a predisposing factor for this disorder. Indeed, a decrease in the resting metabolic rate is a risk factor for obesity [1,2] and genetic factors appreciably contribute to the magnitude of the basal metabolic rate [3,4]. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized for thermogenesis, a chief determinant of energy expenditure [5]. Central to BAT-function is the uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) which stimulates heat production by uncoupling substrate oxidation from ATP synthesis [6]. Although the importance of BAT as a regulator of body fat stores has been established in rodents [7,8], its role in human obesity is not clear because adult humans possess very little BAT [9]. Notwithstanding this qualification, considerably less mRNA Diabetologia (1999) Abstract Aims: Uncoupling protein-3 is a member of a protein family that serves to dissipate energy in the form of heat thereby modulating energy expenditure. Alternative processing of uncoupling protein-3 transcripts results in two mRNA species that encode a large and small protein, perhaps differing in functional activity. Since obesity is associated with disrupted energy homeostasis, we measured muscle mRNA expression in morbidly obese and lean subjects. Methods:The two uncoupling protein-3 mRNA species were quantified in muscle tissue using an RNase protection assay. Gene locus effects on mRNA expression were studied by quantitative allele-specific primer extension. Results: In both obese and lean subjects, the mRNA species encoding the small protein isoform was twice as abundant as the mRNA species encoding the large protein isoform. Neither the total uncoupling protein-3 mRNA expression nor the molar abundance ratios of the two mRNA species differed between obese and lean male or female subjects. Women who had lost 37 ± 22 kg of weight in response to dietary restriction and continued a hypocaloric diet displayed lower mRNA than obese (p < 0.005) or lean women (p < 0.05). Primer extension assays in lean and obese subjects showed similar allelic mRNA abundance in all but one subject studied. Conclusion: Muscle expression of the two uncoupling protein-3 mRNA species is similar in obese and lean people. In obese patients, prolonged hypocaloric diet downregulates uncoupling protein-3 mRNA expression in muscle and can thereby enhance its energy efficiency. Sequence substitutions at the gene locus may only be minor determinants of mRNA expression in muscle tissue. [Diabetologia (1999)

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncoupling protein-3 gene expression: reduced skeletal muscle mRNA in obese humans during pronounced weight loss

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2,3 It was also remarkable that a decrease of FFM during VLCD was found to be unusually high in comparison with other methods used for estimation of body composition. As proposed by Kreitzman et al, 4 the natural explanation for this phenomenon could be glycogen depletion already in the earliest phase of any low or very low calorie diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The reproducibility is in accordance with earlier studies. 2,3,5 Muscle glycogen concentration was determined according to Kasrlsson and Saltin. 6 Anthropometric and body composition measurements Anthropometry.…”

Section: Skeletal Muscle Glycogen and Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Loss of total body potassium during rapid weight loss does not depend on the decrease of potassium concentration in muscles. Different methods to evaluate body composition during a low energy diet

et al. 2000

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to elucidate whether combustion of skeletal muscle glycogen during a very low calorie diet (VLCD) was associated with decreased muscle potassium content. A comparison between different methods was also performed to evaluate body composition during a VLCD and a low calorie diet (LCD). DESIGN: Dietary treatment of obese women by VLCD and LCD. Measurements after 1 and 2 weeks of VLCD and 6 months of LCD. SUBJECTS: Fifteen perimenopausal obese women aged 46.5AE AE1.3 y and 15 of 48.0AE AE0.7 y of age. MEASUREMENTS: Skeletal muscle biopsies under local anaesthesia. Body composition measurements by means of deal-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and measurements of total body potassium ( 40 K) and total body nitrogen (TBN). Measurements of electrolytes and glycogen concentration in muscle samples. RESULTS: In the ®rst study (1 week of VLCD) skeletal muscle glycogen decreased (P`0.01), but muscle potassium increased (P`0.01). Muscle sodium decreased (P`0.01), while muscle magnesium was unaltered. Body weight decreased by 2.9AE AE0.5 kg and 40 K decreased. Fat-free mass (FFM) calculated from 40 K and DEXA decreased by 2.7 vs 1.9 kg (P`0.001). Body fat measured with DEXA decreased by 1.1 kg (P`0.01), but not body fat calculated from 40 K. TBN decreased by 0.03AE AE0.01 kg (P`0.05) and FFM calculated from TBN by 2.9AE AE0.5 kg (P`0.002). In the second study, 6 months on the LCD resulted in 17.0AE AE2.0 kg weight reduction and this was mainly due to reduced body fat, 14.0AE AE2.0 kg measured with DEXA and from 40 K (P`0.001). The decrease in FFM was slight. CONCLUSION: One week of VLCD resulted in muscle glycogen depletion but increased muscle potassium content in spite of decreased total body potassium. FFM contributed to the main part of body weight loss during short periods of severe energy restriction, but remained unchanged during long-term dietary treatment. Body fat became mostly responsible for the body weight loss during long-term LCD. Calculations of changes of FFM from 40 K and TBN seem to overestimate the FFM decrease associated with short-term VLCD.

show abstract

“…Typical interventions for obesity such as training and weight loss appear insufficient for returning capillary density to normal levels. (11,13,14) Combined with limited blood flow, muscle cells in individuals who are obese have a decrease in the relative amount and size of the mitochondria necessary to provide energy. (12,15) When performing sustained contractions, these physiological changes reduce recovery efficiency and may thereby lead to a faster onset of muscle fatigue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influences of Obesity and Age on Functional Performance During Intermittent Upper Extremity Tasks

Cavuoto

Nussbaum

2014

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the main and interactive effects of obesity and age on functional performance were assessed during intermittent exertions involving the upper extremity. The prevalence of obesity has doubled over the past 30 years and this increase is associated with higher health care costs, rates of workplace injury, and lost workdays. Obesity and aging can modify job demands and affect worker capacity in terms of muscular and psychomotor function. However, there is a lack of empirical studies quantifying the work-relevant (or ergonomic) impacts related to task demands, capacities, and their potential imbalance. Eight obese and eight non-obese participants from each of two age groups (18-25 and 50-65 years) completed three endurance tasks involving fixed levels of task demands: hand grip, shoulder flexion, and a simulated assembly task using the upper extremity. Measures of functional performance including endurance, discomfort, motor control, and task performance were recorded for each of the task conditions. Endurance times were ∼60% longer for the non-obese group, and older participants had longer endurance times; however there was no evidence of interactive effects of obesity and age. Obesity also impaired functional performance, as indicated by higher rates of strength loss, increases in discomfort, and declines in task performance. These observed impairments may reflect underlying physiological differences among individuals who are obese, but that are independent of age. Obesity-related impairments may have implications for the design of work duration and demand level to prevent fatigue development for workers who are obese.

show abstract

Increased muscle dynamic endurance associated with weight reduction on a very-low-calorie diet

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Uncoupling protein-3 gene expression: reduced skeletal muscle mRNA in obese humans during pronounced weight loss

Uncoupling protein-3 gene expression: reduced skeletal muscle mRNA in obese humans during pronounced weight loss

Loss of total body potassium during rapid weight loss does not depend on the decrease of potassium concentration in muscles. Different methods to evaluate body composition during a low energy diet

The Influences of Obesity and Age on Functional Performance During Intermittent Upper Extremity Tasks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About