Increased neutrophil expression of pattern recognition receptors during COPD exacerbations

Abstract

Previously, we observed increased serum levels of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) during COPD exacerbations. Here, gene expression of DAMP receptors was measured in peripheral blood neutrophils of COPD patients during stable disease and severe acute exacerbation. The expression of toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4 and NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) was significantly increased, while serum levels of the soluble form of the decoy receptor for advanced glycation end-product (sRAGE) were decreased during exacerbation. Together, these data indicate that increased DAMP signalling contributes to activation of neutrophils during COPD exacerbations.

Metabolic Disorder in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients: Towards a Personalized Approach Using Marine Drug Derivatives

“…High expression of the NLRP3 genes is observed in the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese adolescents [110] as well as in COPD patients [111]. In the neutrophils of COPD patients during acute exacerbation, an upregulation of NLRP3 mRNA expression in comparison with stable disease has been observed [112]. EPA + DHA can abolish the NLRP3 inflammasome activation, inhibiting the subsequent activation of caspase-1 [113].…”

Advanced Role of Neutrophils in Common Respiratory Diseases

“…Experiments in vitro showed that CS could induce necrotic neutrophil cell death through mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis inhibition, and damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) release [105, 106]. DAMPs can activate the innate immune system by binding to pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9.…”

“…DAMP signaling plays an important role in the activation of neutrophils during COPD exacerbations. Serum level of DAMP gene expression is increased during COPD exacerbations [106]. TLR2, TLR4, and NLRP3 expressions in neutrophils are increased during acute exacerbations of COPD compared with stable disease.…”

“…The activation of TLR2/TLR4 can induce the activation and the migration of neutrophils and may thus contribute to the elevated airway inflammation during COPD exacerbations [107]. The detailed positive feedback loop between DAMPs and TLR4 and the function of neutrophils' TLR4/TLR3 in respiratory diseases had already been reviewed by other researchers [106–108]. The novel therapeutic strategies aimed at DAMPs and its receptors need more attention.…”

Year in review 2017: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma

“…It is not entirely clear what drives COPD exacerbations. Pouwels et al . found that increased damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMP) signalling contributed to activation of neutrophils during exacerbations.…”