Increased Outbreaks Associated with Nonpasteurized Milk, United States, 2007–2012

Mungai, Elisabeth; Behravesh, Casey Barton; Gould, L. Hannah

doi:10.3201/eid2101.140447

Cited by 134 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Salmonella Dublin infection was more common in states where the sale of raw milk is legal (328 cases/100,000 persons) ( 9 ) than in states where such sale is illegal (108 cases/100,000 persons) (p<0.01).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology ofSalmonellaentericaSerotype Dublin Infections among Humans, United States, 1968–2013

Harvey¹,

Friedman²,

Crim³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

107

121

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology ofSalmonellaentericaSerotype Dublin Infections among Humans, United States, 1968–2013

Harvey¹,

Friedman²,

Crim³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

107

121

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“…The number of outbreaks in the United States associated with unpasteurized milk increased from 30 in 2007 to 2009 to 51 in 2010 to 2012 (383). Unpasteurized milk may also serve as a source of several other Campylobacter species, including C. hyointestinalis subsp.…”

Section: Other Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Campylobacter jejuni infection is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of the last century. The incidence and prevalence of campylobacteriosis have increased in both developed and developing countries over the last 10 years. The dramatic increase in North America, Europe, and Australia is alarming, and data from parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East indicate that campylobacteriosis is endemic in these areas, especially in children. In addition to C. jejuni , there is increasing recognition of the clinical importance of emerging Campylobacter species, including Campylobacter concisus and Campylobacter ureolyticus . Poultry is a major reservoir and source of transmission of campylobacteriosis to humans. Other risk factors include consumption of animal products and water, contact with animals, and international travel. Strategic implementation of multifaceted biocontrol measures to reduce the transmission of this group of pathogens is paramount for public health. Overall, campylobacteriosis is still one of the most important infectious diseases that is likely to challenge global health in the years to come. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the global epidemiology, transmission, and clinical relevance of Campylobacter infection.

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“…(Mungai et al . ). A total of 13 outbreaks were caused by Shiga toxin‐producing E. coli and 2 of them were caused by S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Optimization of broth recovery for repair of heat‐injuredSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium andEscherichia coliO157:H7

2019

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Aims The purpose of this research was to determine optimum conditions for broth recovery of heat‐injured Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Methods and Results Exposure to 55°C for 15 and 25 min, respectively, induced cellular injury to those pathogens. Comparison was made with the commonly used overlay method using selective medium for recovering sublethally injured cells of S. Typhimurium. For E. coli O157:H7, phenol red agar base with 1% sorbitol was used. After cell suspensions were heated at 55°C for selected time intervals, microbes were 10‐fold diluted with brain heart infusion (BHI), tryptic soy broth (TSB) and TSB with 0·6% yeast extract (TSBYE) and incubated at 37°C for up to 3 h. At hourly intervals, diluents were plated onto selective medium for recovery. Simultaneously, diluents were plated onto tryptic soy agar (TSA) for recovery of sublethally injured cells. For overlays, diluents were plated onto TSA and overlaid with selective agar after a resuscitation interval. Broth recovery conditions for S. Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 were determined to be 1 h in any of the following broth media: BHI, TSB or TSBYE. When liquid resuscitation was applied to sublethally injured cells in food samples (milk), 1 h was also sufficient time for recovery. Conclusions The broth recovery method is a convenient alternative to conventional recovery methods. Significance and Impact of the Study Cells sublethally injured by control interventions might not grow on selective medium because they have no resistance to several selective compounds. However, injured cells can recuperate and multiply under conditions sufficient for recovery. To repair and detect heat‐injured cells, the overlay method is commonly used but this method has some limitations. This study confirms the effectiveness of liquid resuscitation method on recovery of injured cells. The broth recovery can replace the overlay method due to greater convenience and timesaving.

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Increased Outbreaks Associated with Nonpasteurized Milk, United States, 2007–2012

Cited by 134 publications

References 6 publications

Epidemiology ofSalmonellaentericaSerotype Dublin Infections among Humans, United States, 1968–2013

Epidemiology ofSalmonellaentericaSerotype Dublin Infections among Humans, United States, 1968–2013

Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection

Optimization of broth recovery for repair of heat‐injuredSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium andEscherichia coliO157:H7

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