Increased processing speed for emotionally negative odors in schizophrenia

Pause, Bettina M.; Hellmann, Gabriele; Göder, Robert; Aldenhoff, J. B.; Ferstl, Roman

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.04.003

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…After successful medical treatment, event-related potentials no longer differentiated between patients and healthy controls. In a later study, the same authors [40] found that MDD patients and healthy controls showed comparable olfactory event-related potentials. Krüger et al [29] reported that BD patients with event-triggered episodes exhibited shorter early latencies of olfactory event-related potentials in comparison to those without such episodes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Discrimination ability and intensity ratings of various odours did not differ between MDD patients and control subjects in the majority of the studies [13,15,16,21,35,36,40] (table 3). BP patients with and without a history of event-triggered episodes did not exhibit differences in the discrimination task [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The authors explained this observation as being linked to the relaxing properties of the lemon-like odour [42,43]. Several studies [21,36,40] reported that hedonicity ratings of MDD patients were comparable with those of the healthy controls. Recently, Atanasova et al [35] found that MDD patients perceived unpleasant odorants as significantly more unpleasant than the controls, suggesting that patients showed negative olfactory alliesthesia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Olfaction in Affective and Anxiety Disorders: A Review of the Literature

Burón

Bulbena²

2012

Psychopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Olfaction and its relation to mental health is an area of growing interest. Brain areas linked to olfaction partially overlap with brain areas involved in psychiatric disorders; consequently, the study of olfactory function allows us to explore the integrity of these brain areas with a non-invasive and effective method. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to review olfactory function in affective and anxiety disorders. Methods: For this purpose, an extensive literature review of English-language studies on olfactory function in patients with the aforementioned pathologies was performed using several online databases. A manual search of relevant journals and books as well as reference lists from selected papers was also performed. Results: The available data show that depressed patients are usually characterised by preserved olfactory function, except for detection threshold, where contrasting reports have been found. Bipolar disorder has been studied to a lesser extent, but the findings have shown a lack of impairment in most cases. Research on seasonal affective disorders is scant, and future studies are needed to make conclusions. Anxiety disorders have been scarcely approached, but the results note identification deficits in obsessive-compulsive and posttraumatic stress disorders. Conclusions: Olfactory assessment appears to be a complementary, valuable research tool in the study of psychiatric disorders. However, further investigation is needed to improve our understanding of olfactory function in these disorders.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Olfaction in Affective and Anxiety Disorders: A Review of the Literature

Burón

Bulbena²

2012

Psychopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This association has been reported also in humans; patients with olfactory impairment or congenital anosmia are more likely to present with symptoms of depression [40,44]. On the other side, depressed patients exhibit reduced olfactory threshold, identification and discrimination ability and following successful therapeutic therapy these parameters normalize [45][46][47][48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Olfactory impairment in patients with the fibromyalgia syndrome and systemic sclerosis

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patients with autoimmune diseases often present with olfactory impairment. The aim of the study was to assess the olfactory functions of female patients with fibromyalgia (FM) compared with patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and with healthy female controls. Olfactory functions were assessed in 24 patients with FM, 20 patients with SSc and 21 age-matched healthy controls. The sense of smell was evaluated using the Sniffin' Sticks test including the three stages of smell: threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI) of the different odors. The severity of fibromyalgia was assessed using the fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ). The short form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire was also completed in order to seek a relationship between the patients perception of quality of life and the different aspects of the smell sense. Depression was evaluated in both FM and SSc patients utilizing the Beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II) questionnaire. Patients with FM had significantly lower TDI smell scores compared with both SSc patients and healthy controls (p < 0.005, One-Way ANOVA). Hyposmia (defined as TDI scores below 30) were observed in 14 of 24 (42 %) patients with FM compared to 3 of 20 (15 %) patients with SSc and 1 of the healthy controls (4.3 %) (p < 0.02). FM patients had significantly lower thresholds of smell compared to both healthy controls and patients with SSc (p < 0.001), whereas for patients with SSc only the ability to discriminate between odors was impaired (p < 0.006). We could not detect any statistical correlation between smell abilities and clinical manifestation of SSc or the FIQ and SF-36 scores among FM patients. However the correlation between depression, defined by the BDI-II score, and the sense of smell differed between patients with FM and patients with SSc. As only among SSc patients a lower sense of smell correlated with a higher BDI-II score (p = 0.02). Our findings suggest that there is a decrease in the sense of smell both in FM and SSc patients compared with healthy controls. However these impairments differ between patients group and might represent different mechanisms that affect the sense of smell.

show abstract

“…Moreover, patients with schizophrenia self-rated their susceptibility to negative emotions, particularly to anger, higher than healthy controls, whereas no difference was found for joy (Falkenberg et al, 2008). Taken together, the evidence may be compatible with a link between positive schizotypal symptoms and a processing advantage for threatening stimuli (Pause, Hellmann, Göder, Aldenhoff, & Ferstl, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%