Increased Protein Oxidation and Loss of Protein-Bound Sialic Acid in Hepatic Tissues of D-galactose Induced Aged Rats

Abstract

A redox basis of the increased oxidative protein damage and free radical-mediated desialylation have not been fully elucidated in aging. It is well known that the incidence of several liver diseases increase with age. This original research focuses on protein oxidation mechanisms and protein-bound sialic acid levels in liver tissue of the mimetic aging rats. Injection of D-galactose (60 mg/kg/day) for six weeks to male Sprague-Dawley rats (20-week-old) used to establish mimetic aging model. We investigated the tissue levels of various protein oxidation markers such as protein carbonyl groups, suitable advanced oxidation protein products and protein thiol groups. Our study also covered protein-bound sialic acid in liver tissue of D-galactose-induced aging rats. PCO (Protein Carbonyl Groups), P-OOH (Protein Hydroperoxides) and AOPP (Advanced Oxidation Protein Products) levels in aging rats were significantly higher compared to young control groups. On the other hand, P-SH (Protein Thiol Groups) levels were not found to be different between two groups. SA (Sialic Acid) levels in D-galactose-induced aging rats were significantly lower compared to control groups. Our results demonstrated greater susceptibility to hepatic oxidative protein damage and desialylation of hepatocellular proteins in Dgalactose- induced aging rats. These molecular mechanisms may be operative in the many age-related liver diseases, which are pertinent to increased oxidative stress and altered redox homeostasis.

EFFECT OF TEMPOL ON REDOX HOMEOSTASIS AND STRESS TOLERANCE IN MIMETICALLY AGED DROSOPHILA

“…A role for oxidative damage in mimetic aging is mainly supported by studies in rodents (Yanar et al., ; Aydin et al., ; Çakatay et al., ). Increased oxidative protein damage and free radical mediated desialylation of cellular proteins is another important mechanism for cellular aging in rodents (Çakatay et al., ).…”

“…A role for oxidative damage in mimetic aging is mainly supported by studies in rodents (Yanar et al., ; Aydin et al., ; Çakatay et al., ). Increased oxidative protein damage and free radical mediated desialylation of cellular proteins is another important mechanism for cellular aging in rodents (Çakatay et al., ). On the other hand, Drosophila is used widely to examine the relationship between oxidative stress and aging (Cui et al., ; Lushchak et al., ; Yamamato et al., ) because Drosophila genetic systems are well known and postmitotic tissues (Clancy and Birdsall, ).…”

“…Prooxidant–antioxidant homeostasis was determined to influence prooxidation due to d ‐galactose‐induced mimetic aging, although there are some differences in results obtained from various mitotic and postmitotic tissues (Yanar et al., ; Aydın et al., ; Çakatay et al., ). In this study, the effect of tempol on an aging model in terms of stress tolerance, general oxidative stress, and specifically oxidative protein damage has been focused for the first time.…”

Determination of sialic acids in the nervous system of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.): Effects of aging and development

“…In the young larval stage (5 th instar) and in the oldest stage (motionless prepupa), Sias were observed to be 20-and 10-fold decreased, respectively. Since Sias represent complex glycosylation, these values indicated that complex glycosylation of glycoproteins presents mostly in younger mammal individuals [45,[75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85].…”

Antifatigue and antiaging effects of Chinese rice wine in mice

“…This mimetic aging model was related to the formation of age‐related advanced glycation end products, which can accelerate oxidative tissue damage, abnormal stress, excessive inflammation, and cell apoptosis and affect learning and memory functions(Shoji, Takao, Hattori, & Miyakawa, 2016). In addition, brains and livers of mice are believed to be particularly susceptible to oxidative stress and dysfunction in D‐galactose treatment (Cakatay et al., 2013; Chen, Zhong, Peng, Sun, & Kong, 2010). This work investigates the antifatigue and antiaging properties of CRW in mice, which would provide more clues to explain the healthy functions of CRW.…”