Increased rates of adverse perinatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes and depression

A systematic review and meta-analysis of gestational diabetes mellitus and mental health among BAME populations

“…An initial search identified 20,040 studies, of which, those with limited discussions in relation to MH outcomes and of poor quality, were excluded, resulting in a final dataset of 69 studies (Table 1a) of which 46 studies were systematically included and thematically analysed (Table 2). These 46 studies included 26 qualitative [12,22À46], 17 cohort [7,18,21,47À60], 6 controlled [61À66], 2 randomised controlled trials [19,67] and 2 mixed methods [68,69] studies. Based on the eligibility criteria, and the quality assessment, 21 studies were selected for the meta-analysis.…”

“…2 studies reported that GDM did not alter the risk of PND in Hispanic [55] and Iranian [65] women. Another large cohort study reported that African American women with GDM had a lower risk of PPD in comparison with Caucasians [21]. Dahlen and colleagues [52] stated that participants from India or Pakistan did not report any MH disorders during pregnancy.…”

“…Within this group, I 2 (86.43%) showed a strong heterogeneity. The source of heterogeneity is non-specific to a race as Liu et al [57] and Walmer et al [59] focused on the Asian/Pacific Islander women from the USA whilst, Mak et al [21] included only Chinese women. Effective conclusions will only be sought when racial subgroups are evaluated, and data is more homogenous.…”

“…It has been reported that BAME women are less likely to receive the culturally responsive MH support compared to Caucasian women [20] . This may pose severe consequences as untreated depression in pregnancy has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes [21] . Pregnancies complicated by GDM as well as MH symptomatologies would be deemed high-risk and require specialist support from multiple clinical specialists of endocrinologists, psychiatrists and obstetricians.…”

Depressed mood and anxiety as risk factors for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Several studies specifically investigated either depression or anxiety as an exposure or reported results for anxiety and depression separately, allowing for stratified analysis by type of distress. When restricted to studies investigating depression (Avalos, Chen, & Li, 2015; Bandoli & Chambers, 2017; Cripe, Frederick, Qiu, & Williams, 2011; Dayan et al, 2006; De Vera & Bérard, 2012; Goedhart et al, 2010; Henrichs et al, 2010; Hermon, Wainstock, Sheiner, Golan, & Walfisch, 2019; Heun-Johnson et al, 2019; Ibanez et al, 2012; Katon, Russo, Melville, Katon, & Gavin, 2012; Khanghah, Khalesi, & Rad, 2020; Kim et al, 2013; Kurki, Hiilesmaa, Raitasalo, Mattila, & Ylikorkala, 2000; Lutsiv et al, 2015; Mogos et al, 2019; Navaratne, Foo, & Kumar, 2016; Packer, Pilliod, Chatroux, Caughey, & Valent, 2019; Palmsten, Setoguchi, Margulis, Patrick, & Hernández-Díaz, 2012; Qiu, Sanchez, Lam, Garcia, & Williams, 2007; Ruiz et al, 2012; Schmidt et al, 2019; Suri et al, 2007; Venkatesh, Ferguson, Smith, Cantonwine, & McElrath, 2019; Yedid Sion, Harlev, Weintraub, Sergienko, & Sheiner, 2016; Yonkers, Gilstad-Hayden, Forray, & Lipkind, 2017), results indicated an increased risk of HDP (RR = 1.30; 95% CI 1.19–1.43; 26 studies). Analysis of studies on anxiety (Avraham, Tamar, Eyal, & Gali, 2020; Bánhidy, Ács, Puhó, & Czeizel, 2006; Catov, Abatemarco, Markovic, & Roberts, 2010; Chen, Lin, & Lee, 2010; De Vera & Bérard, 2012; Garza-Veloz et al, 2017; Ibanez et al, 2012; Kordi, Vahed, Rezaee, Reza, & Lotfalizadeh, 2017; Pavlov, Steiner, Kessous, Weintraub, & Sheiner, 2014; Ravid et al, 2018) also indicated an increased risk of HDP (RR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.13–21.98; 10 studies).…”