Increased rates of intermittent rhythmic delta and theta activity in the electroencephalographies of adult patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Endres, Dominique; Maier, Simon; Feige, Bernd; Mokhtar, Nora Bel; Nickel, Kathrin; Goll, Peter; Meyer, Simon A.; Matthies, Swantje; Ebert, Dieter; Philipsen, Alexandra; Perlov, Evgeniy; Elst, Ludger Tebartz van

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.06.039

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In addition, an automated detection of intermittent generalized rhythmic delta/theta activity (IRDAs/IRTAs) was performed. The methodology has been described in the previous papers 29 , 30 , and the findings were divided into pre-HV-, post HV-, HV-difference (post-HV–pre-HV), and overall-IRDAs/IRTAS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid, antineuronal autoantibody, EEG, and MRI findings from 992 patients with schizophreniform and affective psychosis

et al. 2020

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The central role played by cerebrospinal-fluid (CSF) examinations including antineuronal autoantibody (Ab) testing is increasingly recognized in psychiatry. The rationale of this study was to present a multimodally investigated group of patients. In total, 992 patients were analyzed for CSF alterations: 456 patients with schizophreniform and 536 with affective syndromes. Ab measurement included testing for established antineuronal IgG-Abs against intracellular antigens in serum (Yo/Hu/Ri/cv2[CRMP5]/Ma1/Ma2/SOX1/TR[DNER]/Zic4/amphiphysin/GAD65) and for cell surface antigens in the CSF (NMDAR/AMPA-1/2-R/GABA-B-R/LGI1/CASPR2/DPPX). In 30 patients with “red flags” for autoimmune psychosis, “tissue tests” were performed. Additional diagnostics included MRI and EEG analyses. CSF white-blood-cell counts were increased in 4% and IgG indices in 2%; CSF-specific oligoclonal bands were detected in 4%; overall, 8% displayed signs of neuroinflammation. In addition, 18% revealed increased albumin quotients. Antineuronal Abs against intracellular antigens were detected in serum in 0.6%. Antineuronal Abs against established cell surface antigens were detected in serum of 1% and in the CSF of 0.3% (CSF samples were only questionably positive). Abnormal IgG binding in “tissue tests” was detected in serum of 23% and in CSF of 27%. In total, 92% of the Ab-positive patients demonstrated at least one sign of brain involvement in additional diagnostics using CSF, MRI, EEG, and FDG-PET. In summary, CSF basic analyses revealed signs of blood–brain-barrier dysfunction and neuroinflammation in relevant subgroups of patients. Established antineuronal IgG-Abs were rare in serum and even rarer in the CSF. “Tissue tests” revealed frequent occurrences of Ab-binding; therefore, novel antineuronal Abs could play a relevant role in psychiatry.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid, antineuronal autoantibody, EEG, and MRI findings from 992 patients with schizophreniform and affective psychosis

et al. 2020

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“…A combined volume- and region-based analysis method using the Magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo (MPRAGE) MRI sequences ( https://www.veobrain.com/?page=veomorph ) and an automated independent component analysis (ICA) of the EEG were also conducted (cf. Endres et al 2017 ). In addition, different blood analyses (differential blood count, urinalysis, immunological screening etc.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Obsessive–compulsive symptoms in ACTG1-associated Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome

et al. 2022

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Symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) may rarely occur in the context of genetic syndromes. So far, an association between obsessive–compulsive symptoms (OCS) and ACTG1-associated Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome has not been described as yet. A thoroughly phenotyped patient with OCS and ACTG1-associated Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome is presented. The 25-year-old male patient was admitted to in-patient psychiatric care due to OCD. A whole-exome sequencing analysis was initiated as the patient also showed an autistic personality structure, below average intelligence measures, craniofacial dysmorphia signs, sensorineural hearing loss, and sinus cavernoma as well as subtle cardiac and ophthalmological alterations. The diagnosis of Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome type 2 was confirmed by the detection of a heterozygous likely pathogenic variant in the ACTG1 gene [c.1003C > T; p.(Arg335Cys), ACMG class 4]. The automated analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed changes in the orbitofrontal, parietal, and occipital cortex of both sides and in the right mesiotemporal cortex. Electroencephalography (EEG) revealed intermittent rhythmic delta activity in the occipital and right temporal areas. Right mesiotemporal MRI and EEG alterations could be caused by a small brain parenchymal defect with hemosiderin deposits after a cavernomectomy. This paradigmatic case provides evidence of syndromic OCS in ACTG1-associated Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome. The MRI findings are compatible with a dysfunction of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loops involved in OCD. If a common pathophysiology is confirmed in future studies, corresponding patients with Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome type 2 should be screened for OCS. The association may also contribute to a better understanding of OCD pathophysiology.

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“…The EEGs were also evaluated automatically and examined for IRDAs/IRTAs. The methodology has been described in detail in earlier papers [18,19].…”

Section: Electroencephalographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the exploratory approach, no correction for multiple testing was performed. 22 -Tau, p-tau 23 , ß-amyloid quotient 23 , protein 14-3-3 24 , α-synuclein 25 -Cytopathology and cell markers, hypocretin 26 Diseases associated with some specific biomarkers are listed below: 1 neuroacanthocytosis syndromes, 2 antiphospholipid syndrome, 3 Fabry's disease, 4 hyper-/hypoparathyroidism, 5 Wilson disease, 6 metachromatic leukodystrophy, 7 adrenoleukodystrophy, 8 Niemann-Pick disease type C, 9 rheumatoid arthritis, 10 sarcoidosis, 11 minor chorea/Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS), 12 Behcet's syndrome, 13 autoimmune thyroiditis, 14 diabetes mellitus type 1/autoimmune neuropsychiatric syndromes (e.g., Stiff-Person syndrome, limbic encephalitis), 15 celiac disease/cerebellar degeneration, 16 systemic connective tissue disorders, 17 vasculitides, 18 primary biliary cirrhosis, 19 autoimmune hepatitis, 20 autoimmune encephalitis/autoimmune psychosis, 21 multiple sclerosis, 22 acute neuroborreliosis, 23 Alzheimer's disease, 24 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, 25 synucleinopathies (Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, multisystem atrophy), 26 narcolepsy, 27 acute intermittent porphyria.…”

Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing Organic Causes of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Findings from a One-Year Cohort of the Freiburg Diagnostic Protocol in Psychosis (FDPP)

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Secondary schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) have clearly identifiable causes. The Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the University Hospital Freiburg has continued to expand its screening practices to clarify the organic causes of SSDs. This retrospective analysis was carried out to analyze whether a comprehensive organic diagnostic procedure could be informative in patients with SSDs. Methods and Participants: The “Freiburg Diagnostic Protocol in Psychosis” (FDPP) included basic laboratory analyses (e.g., thyroid hormones), metabolic markers, pathogens, vitamin status, different serological autoantibodies, rheumatic/immunological markers (e.g., complement factors), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) basic and antineuronal antibody analyses, as well as cranial magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG). The findings of 76 consecutive patients with SSDs (55 with paranoid–hallucinatory; 14 with schizoaffective; 4 with hebephrenic; and 1 each with catatonic, acute polymorphic psychotic, and substance-induced psychotic syndromes) were analyzed. Results: Overall, vitamin and trace element deficiency was identified in 92%. Complement factor analyses detected reduced C3 levels in 11%. Immunological laboratory alterations were detected in 76%. CSF analysis revealed general alterations in 54% of the patients, mostly with signs of blood–brain barrier dysfunction. cMRI analyses showed chronic inflammatory lesions in 4%. Combination of EEG, cMRI, and CSF revealed alterations in 76% of the patients. In three patients, autoimmune psychosis was suspected (4%). Discussion: On the basis of these findings, we conclude that a comprehensive diagnostic procedure according to the FDPP in patients with SSD is worthwhile, considering the detection of secondary, organic forms of SSDs, as well as alterations in “modulating factors” of the disease course, such as vitamin deficiency. Larger studies using comprehensive diagnostic protocols are warranted to further validate this approach.

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Increased rates of intermittent rhythmic delta and theta activity in the electroencephalographies of adult patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Cerebrospinal fluid, antineuronal autoantibody, EEG, and MRI findings from 992 patients with schizophreniform and affective psychosis

Cerebrospinal fluid, antineuronal autoantibody, EEG, and MRI findings from 992 patients with schizophreniform and affective psychosis

Obsessive–compulsive symptoms in ACTG1-associated Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome

Diagnosing Organic Causes of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Findings from a One-Year Cohort of the Freiburg Diagnostic Protocol in Psychosis (FDPP)

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