Increased retinal toxicity of intravitreal tissue plasminogen activator in a central retinal vein occlusion model

Abstract

Retinal toxicity associated with intravitreally injected tPA can increase in a dose-dependent manner and be exacerbated in CRVO eyes, suggesting that the dose of tPA should be reduced when tPA is used to treat eyes with CRVO.

Intravitreal Versus Subretinal Tissue Plasminogen Activator Injection for Submacular Hemorrhage

“…There has been concern that tPA can lead to retinal toxicity. [31][32][33] In our study, we saw nothing to indicate any patients developed retinal toxicity in either treatment group.…”

Activated Protein C Rescues the Retina from Ischemia-Induced Cell Death

“…The CRVO model was established as previously described. 12,13 Briefly, immediately after an injection of rose bengal (2 mg/kg; Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan) into the tail vein, a laser was applied to the major retinal veins adjacent to the optic nerve head to induce a thrombus. The laser settings were as follows: wavelength, 514 nm; spot size, 50 m; power, 100 mW; duration, 0.5 second; and number of applications, one to three shots for each vein.…”

Impact of Intravitreal Injection of Tissue Plasminogen Activator on Full-Field Electroretinogram in Patients with Macular Oedema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion

“…Accordingly, intravitreal tPA injection may be a promising alternative for patients and physicians who wish to reduce the burden of RVO treatment. It has been reported that tPA showed dose-dependent retinal toxicity [10,11]; tPA-associated retinal toxicity can be exacerbated in CRVO models [12]. Previous studies have assessed the retinal toxicity of intravitreal tPA using full-field electroretinogram (ERG) in human eyes [8,13,14].…”