Increased Risky Choice and Reduced CHRNB2 Expression in Adult Male Rats Exposed to Nicotine Vapor

Giner, Priscilla; Maynez-Anchondo, Liliana; Liley, Anna E.; Uribe, Kevin P.; Frietze, Gabriel; Simon, N.; Mendez, Ian A.

doi:10.3390/ijms23031231

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The pairs of rats were derived from the same group condition (i.e., a female adolescent with another female adolescent) and they remained with the same partner throughout the exposure procedure. Our decision to use ambient air for the control condition was based on previous studies from our laboratory showing that PG/VG elicits behavioral effects, such as changes in riskiness, that could impact our assessments of approach behavior (Giner et al, 2022). Other laboratories have also used ambient air as a control condition in nicotine vapor studies in rats (Gilpin et al, 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and age differences in approach behavior toward a port that delivers nicotine vapor

Espinoza

Giner

Liano

et al. 2022

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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The goal of our laboratory is to study the mechanisms that promote nicotine use, particularly in vulnerable populations. To more closely mimic human use patterns, the present study employed nicotine vapor methods involving passive exposure for 14 days in adolescent and adult female and male rats. Age and sex differences in approach behavior (nosepokes) were assessed in a port that delivered nicotine plumes on Day 1 and 14 of our exposure regimen. Controls received ambient air in exposure chambers. After the final session, rats received a nicotinic receptor antagonist to precipitate withdrawal. Then, physical signs, anxiety‐like behavior, and plasma levels of cotinine (a nicotine metabolite) were assessed. Over time, females displayed a larger increase in approach behavior to the nicotine port than males, an effect that was larger in adolescents. Nosepoke responses in adolescent females were correlated with anxiety‐like behavior, but not physical signs of withdrawal. Adolescents gained more weight than adults regardless of treatment, and the weight gain was larger in male adolescents. Female adolescents also displayed the highest levels of cotinine than all other groups. These findings suggest that nicotine vapor produces greater motivational effects in adolescent females as compared to their adult and male counterparts.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and age differences in approach behavior toward a port that delivers nicotine vapor

Espinoza

Giner

Liano

et al. 2022

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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“…Additionally, higher levels of nAChR binding were significantly associated with less risky choice in a probability-discounting task, indicating cholinergic systems are involved in risky decision making (Mendez et al ., 2013). Both exposure to 24 mg/ml nicotine vapor (Giner et al ., 2022) and acute 1.0 mg/kg nicotine administration (Mendez et al ., 2012) increased choice for the larger, uncertain reinforcer in a probability-discounting procedure in rats. These increases in risky choice may be due to nicotine’s effects on response perseveration, or persistent choice for an option despite changing contingencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acute and chronic nicotine administration on probability discounting

Nolder,

Anderson

2023

Behavioural Pharmacology

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Nicotine use is a continuing public health concern. Smokers are more likely to make risky or maladaptive decisions compared to nonsmokers, so the relation between nicotine and risky choice warrants further investigation. Risky choice can be operationally defined as the choice for a larger, uncertain reinforcer over a smaller, certain reinforcer and can be assessed through a probability-discounting procedure. Acute nicotine administration has been shown to alter risky choice, but because the everyday smoker uses nicotine repeatedly, more research on chronic administration is needed and would allow for assessment of tolerance or sensitization of any effects. The present study examined effects of acute and repeated nicotine administration on probability discounting. Sprague–Dawley rats were used as subjects and the probability-discounting task involved discrete-trial choices between a small, certain reinforcer and a larger, uncertain reinforcer. The probability of larger-reinforcer delivery decreased across blocks within each session. Acute nicotine (0.1–1.0 mg/kg) administration dose-dependently increased risky choice, increased lose-stay ratios (a measure of response perseveration), and decreased reinforcement frequency. Tolerance to nicotine’s effects on larger-reinforcer choice was observed after repeated 1.0 mg/kg nicotine administration. The results of the present study add to the existing literature that acute nicotine administration increases risky choice and demonstrates that tolerance to this effect develops after chronic exposure to the drug. Possible behavioral mechanisms behind this effect are discussed, as are suggestions for future research on nicotine and risky choice.

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“…It has been recently reported that nicotine vapor exposure impairs the risk-based decision making in adult rats [21]; our previous work indicated that menthol flavor in e-cigarette vapor increases social behaviors in mice [22]. The potential mechanisms may include nicotine-related alterations of neurotransmitters and chemicals that signal inflammation in certain brain regions, such as the decreased dopamine concentration in the striatum and GABA in the frontal cortex, while increased levels of glutamate in the striatum and glutamine in the frontal cortex and striatum by chronic inhalation of e-cigarette vapor containing nicotine [23]; the reduced gene expression of Ngfr and Bdnf, and increased expression of IBA-1, a specific marker of microglia in the hippocampus [24]; changes on the CNS development-related gene profile in the frontal cortex [25]; and cytokines such as interleukin IL-4 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the diencephalon, as well as levels of hippocampal IFN-γ, and IL-6 in the cerebellum in the offspring of mice exposed prenatally to e-cigarette aerosols [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reductions on the CHRNB2 in the nucleus accumbens and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) [21], and increased α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in the frontal cortex (FC) and striatum (STR) [27], were observed in animal models administrated with chronic nicotine vapor. However, it is unclear how the immune system in the brain affects the expression of nicotinic receptors as well as the activities of the related neural circuits to mediate alterations in cognition and psychiatric behaviors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of chronic aerosol inhalation with combustible cigarette and e-cigarette on the psychiatric behaviors and neuroimmune profile in mice

Xu,

Ren,

Jing

et al. 2023

Preprint

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With the worldwide use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) as a substitution for tobacco, the effects of e-cigarette vapor exposure on human health have been investigated. However, the comparison of long-term effects of aerosol inhalation with combustible cigarette and e-cigarette on the psychiatric behaviors has not been fully revealed. The present study examines the distinct effects of combustible cigarette and e-cigarette on anxiety, depression, cognition, and social behaviors. Here we found that the combustible cigarette induced the higher level of anxiety after long-term inhalation compared to the e-cigarettes with or without the tobacco flavor. Since the mechanism of action on the psychiatric behaviors entails the alterations on the neuroimmune-sensors and principal regulators such as glial cells, we further profiled the alterations of microglia and astrocytes by chronic inhalation of combustible tobacco cigarette, specifically the negative correlations between the IBA-1 level in the locus coeruleus (LC) and the latency to nest in VLT; as well as the GFAP level in LC and the open arm time in EPM were observed. Our current data provided an insight into the less impact of e-cigarettes on the anxiety-like behaviors and neuroimmune activation compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes which is not related to the flavor in e-cigarette, and the modulation on the neuroimmune signals in LC could be a therapeutic target for smoking-related anxiety.

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Increased Risky Choice and Reduced CHRNB2 Expression in Adult Male Rats Exposed to Nicotine Vapor

Cited by 6 publications

References 69 publications

Sex and age differences in approach behavior toward a port that delivers nicotine vapor

Sex and age differences in approach behavior toward a port that delivers nicotine vapor

Effects of acute and chronic nicotine administration on probability discounting

Comparison of chronic aerosol inhalation with combustible cigarette and e-cigarette on the psychiatric behaviors and neuroimmune profile in mice

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