Increased serum concentration of IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-5 in healthy adults during one month’s treatment with supraphysiological doses of growth hormone

Ehrnborg, Christer; Ohlsson, Claes; Mohan, Subburaman; Bengtsson, Bengt‐Åke; Rosén, Thord

doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2007.01.013

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…During GH treatment, the aim was to maintain the IGF1 levels within the acromegalic range. The dose was chosen based on the experiences from previous experimental studies (24,25,26). During GH receptor blockage we aimed to mimic severe GHD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GH activity and markers of inflammation: a crossover study in healthy volunteers treated with GH and a GH receptor antagonist

Andreassen

Frystyk

Faber

et al. 2012

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Introduction: The GH/IGF1 axis may modulate inflammatory processes. However, the relationship seems complicated as both pro-and anti-inflammatory effects have been demonstrated. Methods/design: Twelve healthy volunteers (mean age 36, range 27-49 years) were treated in random order with increasing doses of GH for 3 weeks (first week 0.01 mg/kg per day, second week 0.02 mg/kg per day, and third week 0.03 mg/kg per day) or a GH receptor antagonist (pegvisomant; first week 10 mg/day and last two weeks 15 mg/day), separated by 8 weeks of washout. Circulating levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa (TNFA)), interleukin 6 (IL6), and IL1b (IL1B) and the acute phase proteins (APPs) C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin, orosomucoid, YKL40 (CHI3L1), and fibrinogen were measured. Conclusions: GH/IGF1 action appears to modulate the initial stage of the inflammatory response as well as downstream processes elucidated by levels of APPs. The data suggest a complicated relationship not allowing any simple conclusions as to whether GH/IGF1 actions have mainly pro-or antiinflammatory effects in vivo.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GH activity and markers of inflammation: a crossover study in healthy volunteers treated with GH and a GH receptor antagonist

Andreassen

Frystyk

Faber

et al. 2012

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…162 Many questions still remain to be clarified before accurate and reliable methods for doping detection are found. In this field, the published papers are mainly aimed at discovering new biomarkers for detecting GH/IGF-1 doping.…”

Section: Biomarkers Of Gh/igf-1 Dopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular effects of supraphysiological doses of doping agents on health

et al. 2015

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Performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) gained wide popularity not only among sportsmen but also among specific subsets of population, such as adolescents. Apart from their claimed effects on athletic performance, they are very appealing due to the body shaping effect exerted on fat mass and fat-free mass. Besides the "underestimated" massive misuse of PEDs, the short- as well as long-term consequences of such habits remain largely unrecognized. They have been strictly associated with serious adverse effects, but molecular mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. Here, we analyze the current understanding of the molecular effects of supraphysiological doses of doping agents in healthy biological systems, at genomic and proteomic levels, in order to define the molecular sensors of organ/tissue impairment, determined by their misuse. The focus is put on the anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs), specifically testosterone (T) and its most potent derivative dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and on the peptide hormones, specifically the growth hormone (GH) and the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). A map of molecular targets is defined and the risk incidence for human health is taken into account.

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“…Other placebo-controlled studies support the potential for IGF axis and collagen peptides to be used as markers of GH abuse [41,42]. A recent evaluation of IGFBP-4 and -5 has indicated that they will not be useful as IGF-I-independent markers [43]. …”

Section: The Gh-responsive Marker Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Hormone in Sports: Detecting the Doped or Duped

Nelson¹

2011

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background: Doping with growth hormone (GH) is banned; however, there is anecdotal evidence that it is widely abused. GH is reportedly often used in combination with anabolic steroids at high doses for several months. Development of a robust test for detecting GH has been challenging since recombinant human 22-kDa GH used in doping is indistinguishable analytically from endogenous GH and there are wide physiological fluctuations in circulating GH concentrations. Discussion: One approach to GH testing is based on measurement of different circulating GH isoforms using immunoassays that differentiate between 22-kDa and other GH isoforms. Administration of 22-kDa GH results in a change in its abundance relative to other endogenous pituitary GH isoforms. The differential isoform method is, however, limited by its short time window of detection. A second approach that extends the time window of detection is based on detection of increased levels of circulating GH-responsive proteins, such as the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis and collagen peptides. As age and gender are the major determinants of variability for IGF-I and the collagen markers, a test based on these markers must take these factors into account. Extensive data now validate the GH-responsive marker approach, and implementation is largely dependent on establishing an assured supply of standardized assays. Conclusions: Robust tests are available to detect GH and enforce the ban on its abuse in sports. Novel approaches that include gene expression and proteomic profiling must continue to be pursued to expand the repertoire of testing approaches available and to maintain deterrence of GH doping.

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Increased serum concentration of IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-5 in healthy adults during one month’s treatment with supraphysiological doses of growth hormone

Cited by 14 publications

References 48 publications

GH activity and markers of inflammation: a crossover study in healthy volunteers treated with GH and a GH receptor antagonist

GH activity and markers of inflammation: a crossover study in healthy volunteers treated with GH and a GH receptor antagonist

Molecular effects of supraphysiological doses of doping agents on health

Growth Hormone in Sports: Detecting the Doped or Duped

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