Increased testicular 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine in patients with varicocele

Ishikawa, Tomomoto; Fujioka, Hitoshi; Ishimura, Takeshi; Takenaka, Atsushi; Fujisawa, Masato

doi:10.1111/j.1464-410x.2007.07008.x

Cited by 66 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In the testis, the impairment of chromatin maturation appears to be a relevant apoptotic stimulus, leading to sDF and/or cell death, consistent with the idea that apoptotic germ cells may escape phagocytosis by Sertoli cells, in postmeiotic phases (65). Oxidative stress does not seem to play a relevant role in producing sDF in testis, as also suggested by the scarce occurrence of 8-OHdG in testicular tissue (66), possibly due to the presence of efficient DNA repair systems (67). After spermiation, during the transit in the male genital tracts, oxygen species become relevant in triggering apoptosis in live cells (Figure 8), but seem ineffective toward dead/dying cells primed to apoptosis in testis (52) explaining why, in the bulk of ejaculated sperm where most DNA-fragmented cells are dead (35), the oxidative signs are scarcely associated to sDF.…”

Section: R E S E a R C H A R T I C L Esupporting

confidence: 57%

Investigation on the Origin of Sperm DNA Fragmentation: Role of Apoptosis, Immaturity and Oxidative Stress

Muratori

Tamburrino

Marchiani

et al. 2015

Mol Med

209

167

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Sperm DNA fragmentation (sDF) represents a threat to male fertility, human reproduction and the health of the offspring. The causes of sDF are still unclear, even if apoptosis, oxidative assault and defects in chromatin maturation are hypothesized. Using multicolor flow cytometry and sperm sorting, we challenged the three hypothesized mechanisms by simultaneously evaluating sDF and signs of oxidative damage (8-hydroxy, 2'-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehyde [MDA]), apoptosis (caspase activity and cleaved poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase [cPARP]) and sperm immaturity (creatine phosphokinase [CK] and excess of residual histones). Active caspases and c-PARP were concomitant with sDF in a high percentage of spermatozoa (82.6% ± 9.1% and 53.5% ± 16.4%, respectively). Excess of residual histones was significantly higher in DNA-fragmented sperm versus sperm without DNA fragmentation (74.8% ± 17.5% and 37.3% ± 16.6%, respectively, p < 0.005), and largely concomitant with active caspases. Conversely, oxidative damage was scarcely concomitant with sDF in the total sperm population, at variance with live sperm, where 8-OHdG and MDA were clearly associated to sDF. In addition, most live cells with active caspase also showed 8-OHdG, suggesting activation of apoptotic pathways in oxidative-injured live cells. This is the first investigation on the origin of sDF directly evaluating the simultaneous presence of the signs of the hypothesized mechanisms with DNA breaks at the single cell level. The results indicate that the main pathway leading to sperm DNA breaks is a process of apoptosis, likely triggered by an impairment of chromatin maturation in the testis and by oxidative stress during the transit in the male genital tract. These findings are highly relevant for clinical studies on the effects of drugs on sDF and oxidative stress in infertile men and for the development of new therapeutic strategies.

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Section: R E S E a R C H A R T I C L Esupporting

confidence: 57%

Investigation on the Origin of Sperm DNA Fragmentation: Role of Apoptosis, Immaturity and Oxidative Stress

Muratori

Tamburrino

Marchiani

et al. 2015

Mol Med

209

167

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“…8-OHdG in seminal plasma can be measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and 8-OHdG in testicular tissue can be quantified by immunohistochemical staining using an anti-8-OHdG monoclonal antibody as a primary antibody [78].…”

Section: Measurement Of Ros In Human Semenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Oxygen Species and Sperm Cells

Takeshima¹,

Kuroda²,

Yumura³

2018

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Living Cells

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Many cases of male factor infertility are idiopathic, but 30-40% of cases may have excessive levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in their semen. The origins of endogenous ROS are leukocytes and immature spermatozoa, and external causes are various. On the contrary, seminal plasma contains various antioxidants. Low levels of ROS are essential for the fertilization process, but excessive levels of ROS lead to oxidative stress and can have harmful effects such as lipid peroxidation of a membrane, sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation, and apoptosis on the fertile capacity. In order to evaluate oxidative stress appropriately, ROS is measured by the chemiluminescence method with neat semen and quantification of 8-OH-2′-deoxyguanosine and malondialdehyde in seminal plasma. Antioxidant potential is often measured using total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay. The oxidation-reduction potential measured by a MiOXSYS analyzer is a novel, easier, quicker, and less expensive technology to measure oxidative stress. In order to minimize oxidative stress and improve clinical outcomes, sperm-sorting methods, lifestyle modifications, shortening the ejaculatory abstinence, and treatments such as oral antioxidants, varicocelectomy, and testicular sperm extraction are taken into account. As a future prospect, proteomics, metabolomics, and genomics are still developing areas that have the potential to discover new findings and highly sensitive biomarkers.

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“…Были пoлучeны интepecныe дaнныe, cвидeтeльcтвующиe, чтo пpи гeнoмнoй нecтaбильнocти paдиaция нe вы зывaeт мутaцию нeпocpeдcтвeннo в oблу чённoй клeткe, нo увeличивaeт чacтoту вoзникнoвeния мутaций в oтдa-лeннoм пoтoмcтвe oблучeннoй клeтки [4]. В pядe paбoт былo пoдтвepждeнo, чтo paдиoчувcтвитeльнocть зapoдышeвых клe-тoк вышe в пepиoд эмбpиoнaльнoгo вoзpacтa, нo умeньшaeтcя пocлe poж дe ния [23,26]. Вaжнo, чтo чиcлo гepминaтивных клeтoк, cфopмиpoвaнных вo вpeмя эмбpиoнaльнoй жизни, являeтcя cущecтвeнным для пo-кaзaтeлeй фepтильнocти взpocлых caмцoв.…”

Section: Peзультaты исследования и их Oбcуждeниeunclassified

Histomorphological Processes in the Testicular Tissue at Ionizing Radiation Exposure (Literature Review)

Uzbekov¹,

Hoshi²,

Chaizhunusova³

et al. 2017

IJAFR (МЖПФИ)

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Pacшиpяющиecя кoнтaкты чeлoвeчecтвa c иoнизиpующими излучeниями cтaвят их в pяд нaибoлee aктивных экoлoгичecких фaктopoв, влияющих нa пoлoвую cиcтeму, a тaкжe нa пoтoмcтвo oблучeнных poдитeлeй, нe утpaтивших cпocoбнocть к peпpoдукции. Нecмoтpя нa мнoгoчиcлeнныe литepaтуpныe дaнныe cвидeтeльcтвующиe o нeблaгoпpиятнoм влиянии paдиaции нa мужcкую peпpoдуктивную cиcтeму, в нacтoящee вpeмя вoзникaeт нeoбхoдимocть пpoвeдeния cpaвнитeльнoй мopфoлoгичecкoй oцeнки пoлoвых жeлeз лиц, пoдвepгaвшихcя вoздeйcтвию гaммa- и нeйтpoннoгo излучeния. Изучeниe нapушeний, вoзникaющих в ceмeнникaх кpыc пoд дeйcтвиeм иoнизиpующих излучeний, зaнимaeт oднo из вaжнeйших мecт в paдиoбиoлoгии, пocкoльку cпepмaтoгeнный эпитeлий oблaдaeт cпocoбнocтью к нeпpepывнoму oбнoвлeнию клeтoк, oблaдaющих paзличнoй чувcтвитeльнocтью к paдиaции, и являeтcя удoбнoй мoдeлью для иccлeдoвaния paдиaциoнных эффeктoв и oцeнки их пocлeдcтвий, кoтopыe мoгут вызвaть бecплoдиe и пepeдaтьcя cлeдующeму пoкoлeнию. Иccлeдoвaниe xapaктepa cтpуктуpных paccтpoйcтв в ткaнях ceмeнникoв пpи paзных уpoвнях и типaх paдиaциoннoгo вoздeйcтвия пoзвoлит иcпoльзoвaть peзультaты иccлeдoвaния для paзpaбoтки диaгнocтичecких кpитepиeв oцeнки влияния paдиaциoннoгo фaктopa. The expanding contacts of humankind with ionizing radiation installs them abreast among the most active environmental factors affecting the sexual system, as well as the posterity of irradiated parents, have not lost the ability to reproduce. Despite numerous published data showing the adverse radiation effects on the male reproductive system, currently there is a need making comparative morphological assessment the gonads of persons exposed to gamma- and neutron radiation. The study disorders arising in rat testes under the influence of ionizing radiation takes one of the most important positions in radiobiology, since spermatogenic epithelium characterized by capable of continuous cellular renewal having different sensitivity to radiation, and it is a convenient model for examination of radiation effects and assessment the consequence of them which can cause infertility and transmitted to the next generation. The research of structural nature of disorders in the testicular tissue at different levels and types of radiation exposure allows to use findings for develop the diagnostic criteria assessing the effect of radiation factor.

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Increased testicular 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine in patients with varicocele

Cited by 66 publications

References 23 publications

Investigation on the Origin of Sperm DNA Fragmentation: Role of Apoptosis, Immaturity and Oxidative Stress

Investigation on the Origin of Sperm DNA Fragmentation: Role of Apoptosis, Immaturity and Oxidative Stress

Reactive Oxygen Species and Sperm Cells

Histomorphological Processes in the Testicular Tissue at Ionizing Radiation Exposure (Literature Review)

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