Increased urinary 6-hydroxymelatoninsulfate levels in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosed children and adolescent

Büber, Ahmet; Çakaloz, Burcu; Işıldar, Yetiş; Ünlü, Gülşen; Bostancı, Hayrani Eren; Aybek, Hülya; Herken, Hasan

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2016.02.016

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Molina-Carballo et al (2013) report that in 226 children with ADHD treatment with methylphenidate ablates morning/evening differences in melatonin levels, possibly through raising morning levels of melatonin. An increase in urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin was noted in another study of 27 children and adolescents with ADHD (Büber et al 2016). A potential involvement of pineal function and anatomy in mediating ADHD-related changes in melatonin is suggested by the study of Bumb et al (2016) which reports that ADHD was associated with lower pineal volume in a sample of 74 adults.…”

Section: Sleep-onset Insomnia and Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder In Adhdmentioning

confidence: 92%

A systematic review of circadian function, chronotype and chronotherapy in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Coogan

McGowan

2017

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

153

126

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Reports of sleep disturbances in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common in both children and adults; however, the aetiology of such disturbances is poorly understood. One potentially important mechanism which may be implicated in disrupted sleep in ADHD is the circadian clock, a known key regulator of the sleep/wake cycle. In this systematic review, we analyse the evidence for circadian rhythm changes associated with ADHD, as well as assessing evidence for therapeutic approaches involving the circadian clock in ADHD. We identify 62 relevant studies involving a total of 4462 ADHD patients. We find consistent evidence indicating that ADHD is associated with more eveningness/later chronotype and with phase delay of circadian phase markers such as dim light melatonin onset and delayed sleep onset. We find that there is evidence that melatonin treatment may be efficacious in addressing ADHD-related sleep problems, although there are few studies to date addressing other chronotherapeutic approaches in ADHD. There are only a small number of genetic association studies which report linkages between polymorphisms in circadian clock genes and ADHD symptoms. In conclusion, we find that there is consistent evidence for circadian rhythm disruption in ADHD and that such disruption may present a therapeutic target that future ADHD research might concentrate explicitly on.

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Section: Sleep-onset Insomnia and Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder In Adhdmentioning

confidence: 92%

A systematic review of circadian function, chronotype and chronotherapy in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Coogan

McGowan

2017

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

153

126

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“…Cortisol levels vary across the day in children with ADHD, being lower in the morning and higher in the evening [ 65 ]. One study showed high urinary melatonin levels in children with ADHD [ 66 ], whereas another study did not show any differences in the melatonin levels in children with ADHD compared to typically developing children [ 67 ]. However, later melatonin onset at bedtime and earlier melatonin offset were present in children with ADHD [ 67 ].…”

Section: Objective and Subjective Markers Of Sleep Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In-lab vs. home PSG produced variable REM findings [ 57 , 61 ], whereas multiple studies did not identify objective sleep differences in PSG between youth with ADHD and healthy controls [ 50 , 55 , 62 ]. High melatonin and cortisol were identified [ 65 , 66 ], but the differences were not replicated in other studies [ 67 ]. Evening chronotype was common in ADHD and associated with resistance to bedtime [ 68 , 70 ].…”

Section: Objective and Subjective Markers Of Sleep Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Melatonin onset significantly later in children with ADHD and sleep onset insomnia. Buber et al, 2016 [ 66 ] Cross-sectional study of urinary melatonin in children with ADHD and healthy controls. ADHD (M:F) = 23:4 Age = 9.3 ± 2.6 years Healthy controls (M:F) = 21:7 Age = 10.5 ± 2.7 years 24 h urinary melatonin levels measured in the morning and evening High urinary melatonin levels present daytime, nighttime and 24 h levels in children with ADHD.…”

Section: Table A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sleep Disturbances in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Disorders: A Review of the Variability of Objective Sleep Markers

et al. 2018

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Sleep disturbances are often observed in child and adolescent mental health disorders. Although previous research has identified consistent subjective reports of sleep disturbances, specific objective sleep markers have not yet been identified. We evaluated the current research on subjective and objective sleep markers in relation to attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, autism spectrum disorders, anxiety and depressive disorders. Subjective sleep markers are more consistent than objective markers of actigraphy, polysomnography, and circadian measures. We discuss the causes of variability in objective sleep findings and suggest future directions for research.

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“…The sleep-wake rhythm is synchronized by zeitgebers, the most important being the light-dark cycle. A decrease in light intensity stimulates the secretion of melatonin by the pineal gland (Buber et al 2016;Lewy et al 2010). Melatonin production is not influenced by other external influences than light, unlike other circadian rhythm markers, and is therefore a powerful biomarker in the assessment of circadian dysregulation (Checa-Ros et al 2017;Mirick and Davis 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actigraphic estimates of sleep and the sleep-wake rhythm, and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin levels in healthy Dutch children

Rensen

Steur

Wijnen

et al. 2020

Chronobiology International

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Sleep and the sleep-wake rhythm are essential for children's health and well-being, yet reference values are lacking. This study therefore aimed to assess actigraphic estimates of sleep and the 24h sleep-wake rhythm, as well as 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) levels in healthy children of different age groups. Additionally, relationships between the outcomes and sex, highest parental educational level (as an indication of socioeconomic status (SES)), and body-mass-index (BMI) were explored. In this cross-sectional study, healthy Dutch children (2-18 years) wore an actigraph (GT3x) for 7 consecutive days, collected first-morning void urine and completed a sleep log and sociodemographic questionnaire. Actigraphically estimated sleep variables were sleep onset latency (SOL), sleep efficiency (SE), total sleep time (TST), and wake after sleep onset (WASO). Nonparametric sleep-wake rhythm variables were intradaily variability (IV); interdaily stability (IS); the activity counts and timing of the least active 5-h period (L5counts and midpoint) and of the most active 10-h period (M10 counts and midpoint); and the relative amplitude (RA), i.e. the ratio of the difference and the sum of M10 and L5 counts. Finally, creatinine-corrected aMT6s levels were obtained by isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Effects of age group (preschool 2-5 years/schoolaged 6-12 years/teenager 13-18 years), sex, highest parental educational level and BMI (Z-scores) were explored. Ninety-four children participated, equally divided across age groups (53% boys). Teenagers slept less, but more efficiently, than younger children, while their 24 h sleep-wake rhythm was the least stable and most fragmented (likely due to fragmentation of daytime activity). Additionally, aMT6s levels significantly declined over the age groups. Children from highly educated parents had lower sleep efficiency, but a more stable sleep-wake rhythm. Finally, sex or increase in BMI was not associated with any of the outcomes in this study. In conclusion, this study provides reference values of healthy children across different age groups and different sociodemographic factors. In the future, this information may help to better interpret outcomes in clinical populations. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Increased urinary 6-hydroxymelatoninsulfate levels in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosed children and adolescent

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

A systematic review of circadian function, chronotype and chronotherapy in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

A systematic review of circadian function, chronotype and chronotherapy in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Sleep Disturbances in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Disorders: A Review of the Variability of Objective Sleep Markers

Actigraphic estimates of sleep and the sleep-wake rhythm, and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin levels in healthy Dutch children

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