Increases in Cognitive and Linguistic Processing Primarily Account for Increases in Speaking Rate With Age

Nip, Ignatius S. B.; Green, Jordan R.

doi:10.1111/cdev.12052

Cited by 69 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Yet, after ensuring that their findings cannot be attributed to differences in utterance length, these studies failed to provide an explanation for this result. In contrast, the majority of studies performed on English speakers has shown that men and women use similar speaking rate [21,32,39].…”

Section: Speaking Rate and Gendermentioning

confidence: 90%

“…It has also been suggested that children increase their speaking rate with age, due to a gradual cognitive and linguistic development, which facilitates more fluent speech by reducing disfluency. This, in turn, leads to the observed overall increase in speaking rate [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The increase in rate was also attributed to improved linguistic skills and oral-motor skills, such as semantic, lexical and phonological development and improved specificity in motor planning [32]. It has also been suggested that children increase their speaking rate with age, due to a gradual cognitive and linguistic development, which facilitates more fluent speech by reducing disfluency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Speaking Rate among Adult Hebrew Speakers: A Preliminary Observation

Amir

2016

Ann Behav Sci

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Background: Speaking rate is an important basic temporal characteristic of speech, essential for research as well as clinical applications. Accordingly, it has become a common measure in studies conducted in various fields, such as speech science, speech pathology, behavioral psychology, neuropsychology and emotions. Yet, normative speaking rate data, which are language specific, are still required. This study was aimed to provide preliminary data on speaking-rate and articulation-rate among Hebrew speaking adults, and to examine differences between genders and age-groups.

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Section: Speaking Rate and Gendermentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Speaking Rate among Adult Hebrew Speakers: A Preliminary Observation

Amir

2016

Ann Behav Sci

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“…From preschool years onward, speakers predictably change articulatory strategies, such as increasing or decreasing oral opening, for different tasks. Speaking tasks that require greater hyper-articulation so that content is conveyed to a listener, such as narrative retells, are produced with faster movement speeds and slower speaking rates because oral excursions are increased [29]. In contrast, tasks with increased articulatory demands and little linguistic content (e.g., diadochokinetic task, such as saying “ba” quickly and repeatedly) are produced with hypo-articulation or smaller oral excursions, resulting in slower movement speeds but faster speaking rates [29].…”

Section: Task Demandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interarticulator coordination in children with and without cerebral palsy

Nip

2015

Developmental Neurorehabilitation

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The current study investigates how interarticulator coordination changes across speaking tasks varying in articulatory and linguistic demands for children with CP and their typically-developing peers. Articulatory movements from 12 children with spastic CP (7M, 5F, 4–15 years of age) and 12 typically-developing age- and sex-matched peers were cross-correlated to determine the degree of spatial and temporal coupling between the upper lip and jaw, lower lip and jaw, and upper and lower lips. Spatial and temporal coupling were also correlated with intelligibility. Results indicated that children with CP have reduced spatial coupling between the upper and lower lips and reduced temporal coupling between all articulators as compared to their typically-developing peers. For all participants, sentences were produced with the greatest degree of interarticulator coordination when compared to the diadochokinetic and syllable repetition tasks. Measures of interarticulator coordination were correlated with intelligibility for the speakers with CP.

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“…These reference markers were used to subtract head movement from the movement traces of the jaw markers and used to establish an anatomic coordinate system as well as reduce motion artifacts during post-processing of the kinematic data [22, 23]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Characteristics of Jaw Movements During Chewing in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Pilot Study

2017

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This study compared jaw motion between children with cerebral palsy (CP) and their typically-developing (TD) peers during chewing. The jaw movements of 11 children with spastic CP (GMFCS levels II–V) all of whom were exclusively oral feeders with no reported clinical issues with feeding [mean age = 7.49 (2.30) years; 7 males, 4 females] and 11 age- and sex-matched TD peers [mean age = 7.54 (2.35) years] were recorded using optical motion capture. Participants chewed five trials of three different consistencies, including puree, mechanical soft, and solid. For each chewing sequence, the path distance (total amount of distance traveled by the jaw), average jaw speed, and working space (total 3-dimensional size of the jaw movements during chewing) were calculated. The CP group had greater path distances for mechanical soft and solids (p < 0.001) and larger working spaces (p < 0.001) than the TD group. Consistency differences were also found with path distances increasing for both groups with increased bolus consistency (p < 0.001). Puree was chewed most slowly for both groups (p = 0.05) and was associated with smaller working space than the other consistencies for both groups (p < 0.001). The TD group demonstrated slower speeds for mechanical soft as compared to solids (p = 0.05), a finding which was not observed in the CP group. The results suggest children with CP showed jaw movement differences during chewing despite being exclusive oral eaters with no reports of clinical feeding or deglutition disorders. Food consistency also influenced jaw movements in both children with CP and their TD peers.

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Increases in Cognitive and Linguistic Processing Primarily Account for Increases in Speaking Rate With Age

Cited by 69 publications

References 50 publications

Speaking Rate among Adult Hebrew Speakers: A Preliminary Observation

Speaking Rate among Adult Hebrew Speakers: A Preliminary Observation

Interarticulator coordination in children with and without cerebral palsy

Spatial Characteristics of Jaw Movements During Chewing in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Pilot Study

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