Increases in soluble CD8 antigen in plasma, and CD8+ and CD8+CD38+ cells in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection

Indicators of T-cell activation: Correlation between quantitative CD38 expression and soluble CD8 levels in asymptomatic HIV+ individuals and healthy controls

“…Thus, not only is there a marked increase in absolute number for the CD8ϩCD38ϩDRϩ subset, but level of CD38 expression within this activated CD8 population is significantly increased. Levels of sCD8, a serum marker for activated CD8 cells that has also been reported to have predictive value for HIV disease progression (1,40,45,63), were also determined in our study in order to determine whether they were correlated with CD38 ABC as a marker of CD8 cell activation. Because increased sCD8 levels could be due to the marked increase in absolute CD8ϩDRϩ cell counts seen in HIVϩ individuals (Table 1) and/or to increased production of sCD8 per activated CD8 cell, we expressed our results (Table 4) in two ways: in the standard fashion as sCD8 concentration, U/mL or as RsCD8 adjusted for number of circulating CD8ϩDRϩ cells, (U/mL)/ (CD8ϩDRϩ cells/µL).…”

Increased Expression of Activation Markers on CD8 Lymphocytes in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection

“…In normal adults the CD38 activation marker (26) is expressed only on a fraction of peripheral blood CD8+ cells, varying from 13 to 55% (7,11,27,28) of the CD8 population. In HIV-infected adults the proportion of CD8+CD38+ cells rises early (lo), and with progression of the disease into overt AIDS most CD8 cells are CD38+ (9-12, 27, 28).…”

“…All the conjugated MAb were obtained from Becton Dickinson Immunocytometry Systems, San Jose, CA. Flow cytometric analysis was performed, as was described previously (10,11) …”

“…C D~+ cells seem to be vital for suppression of the replication of HIV-1 (8). After HIV-1 infection the proportion of CD8 cells among PBL increases, and these cells show signs of activation, such as enhanced expression of CD38 (9)(10)(11)(12) and elevated serum levels of soluble CD8 molecules (6,7). The majority of CD8+ cells in HIV-infected adults display the CD45RO antigen (13), the expression of which is enhanced in T cells after activation, concomitantly with diminished expression of CD45RA (14).…”

“…In previous studies of this laboratory various aspects of activation of the CDS+ T cell population were studied in adult HIV-infected individuals (10,11,13). The aim of the present study was to analyze the lymphocyte phenotypes of children with perinatally acquired HIV-I infection who varied in the time of appearance of AIDS-related clinical symptoms.…”