Increasing jellyfish populations: trends in Large Marine Ecosystems

Brotz, Lucas; Cheung, William W. L.; Kleisner, Kristin M.; Pakhomov, Evgeny A.; Pauly, Daniel

doi:10.1007/s10750-012-1039-7

Cited by 334 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…As a matter of fact, the present reduced jelly biomass/abundance is still higher than the corresponding values in the Mediterranean and Baltic Seas. Among the 63 LMEs, the Black Sea attains the highest Jellyfish Index value which is twice higher than the values of other European Seas (Brotz et al, 2012).…”

Section: Stressor 4: Invasion By Alien Gelatinous Speciesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Controls of Multiple Stressors on the Black Sea Fishery

Oğuz

2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Black Sea is one of the most severely degraded and exploited large marine ecosystems in the world. For the last 50 years after the depletion of large predatory fish stocks, anchovy (with the partial contribution of sprat) has been acting as the main top predator species and experienced a major stock collapse at the end of 1990s. After the collapse, eastern part of the southern Black Sea became the only region sustaining relatively high anchovy catch (400,000 tons) whereas the total catch within the rest of the sea was reduced to nearly its one-third. The lack of recovery of different fish stocks under a slow ecosystem rehabilitation may be attributed, on the one hand, to inappropriate management measures and the lack of harmonized fishery policy among the riparian countries. On the other hand, impacts of multiple stressors (eutrophication, alien species invasions, natural climatic variations) on the food web may contribute to resilience of the system toward its recovery. The overfishing/recovery problem therefore cannot be isolated from rehabilitation efforts devoted to the long-term chronic degradation of the food web structure, and alternative fishery-related management measures must be adopted as a part of a comprehensive ecosystem-based management strategy. The present study provides a data-driven ecosystem assessment, underlines the key environmental issues and threats, and points to the critical importance of holistic approach to resolve the fishery-ecosystem interactions. It also stresses the transboundary nature of the problem.

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Section: Stressor 4: Invasion By Alien Gelatinous Speciesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Controls of Multiple Stressors on the Black Sea Fishery

Oğuz

2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…The current debate about whether human-mediated environmental changes are likely to result in future changes of gelatinous zooplankton biomass [3,4,61,77] is hampered by a general lack of knowledge of the population genetic structure of jellyfish blooms. Our study extends recent efforts to redress this dearth of data for jellyfish species [15,16,18,19,78,79].…”

Section: Summary Of Wider Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of genetically and oceanographically distinct blooms of jellyfish

Lee

Dawson

Neill

et al. 2013

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Reports of nuisance jellyfish blooms have increased worldwide during the last half-century, but the possible causes remain unclear. A persistent difficulty lies in identifying whether blooms occur owing to local or regional processes. This issue can be resolved, in part, by establishing the geographical scales of connectivity among locations, which may be addressed using genetic analyses and oceanographic modelling. We used landscape genetics and Lagrangian modelling of oceanographic dispersal to explore patterns of connectivity in the scyphozoan jellyfish Rhizostoma octopus , which occurs en masse at locations in the Irish Sea and northeastern Atlantic. We found significant genetic structure distinguishing three populations, with both consistencies and inconsistencies with prevailing physical oceanographic patterns. Our analyses identify locations where blooms occur in apparently geographically isolated populations, locations where blooms may be the source or result of migrants, and a location where blooms do not occur consistently and jellyfish are mostly immigrant. Our interdisciplinary approach thus provides a means to ascertain the geographical origins of jellyfish in outbreaks, which may have wide utility as increased international efforts investigate jellyfish blooms.

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“…The combined effects of multiple anthropogenic stressors and/or climate change (Molinero et al 2008, Richardson et al 2009, Purcell 2012) may disturb the natural oscillations of jellyfish blooming (Condon et al 2013), leading to a significant increase in jellyfish populations in some coastal areas and large marine ecosystems (Kogovšek et al 2010, Brotz et al 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jellyfish biochemical composition: importance of standardised sample processing

Kogovšek¹,

Tinta²,

Klun³

et al. 2014

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Jellyfish play a key role in many pelagic ecosystems, especially in areas of extensive bloom events. In order to understand their role in pelagic food webs and in biogeochemical cycling, the energy stored and the trophic level occupied by jellyfish need to be quantified. To date, the common protocols applied for quantifying jellyfish biomass and analyzing its biochemical composition have been the same as for crustacean zooplankton, despite the difference in the body composition of the 2 groups. With the goal of establishing a uniform and reliable protocol for assessing jellyfish biomass, elemental, stable isotope and amino acid pool composition, we compared several methods commonly used in zooplankton ecology. Our results show that jellyfish dry mass varied with ambient salinity changes, thus giving a poor representation of jellyfish biomass. Moreover, the content of organic matter determined as ash free dry mass was overestimated; it was on average 2.2 times higher when compared to the mass of the retained material after dialysis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that during oven-drying at 60°C the protein-rich jellyfish tissue underwent significant changes: samples were (1) depleted in elemental C and N and total amino acid pool and (2) enriched in 15 N, when compared to freeze-dried samples. We therefore suggest that freeze-drying should be selected over oven-drying before isotope and total amino acid analysis is applied. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the methods used to assess jellyfish biochemical composition should be carefully chosen.

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Increasing jellyfish populations: trends in Large Marine Ecosystems

Cited by 334 publications

References 88 publications

Controls of Multiple Stressors on the Black Sea Fishery

Controls of Multiple Stressors on the Black Sea Fishery

Identification of genetically and oceanographically distinct blooms of jellyfish

Jellyfish biochemical composition: importance of standardised sample processing

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