Increasing Soil Organic Carbon Through Crop Diversification in Cereal–Cereal Rotations of Indo-Gangetic Plain

Ghosh, P. K.; Hazra, Kali Krishna; Venkatesh, M. S.; Nath, Chaitanya Prasad; Singh, Jagdish; Nadarajan, N.

doi:10.1007/s40011-017-0953-x

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Differences in depth were caused by an increase in SOC and TN in the 0-10 layer or a reduction in the 10-30 layer under the diversifications plots and the contrary trend in the monocropping system. Therefore, in line with other research [82,83], in diversifications plots surface layer, (0-10 cm) was shown to be more sensitive to increased SOC and TN than the subsurface layer (10-30 cm). The macroaggregates fraction (>250 µm) obtained the highest mean SOC and TN concentration in soil for all the treatments and depths (Figures 6 and 7); these aggregate size fractions contained between 15-48% and 14-40% higher SOC and TN contents, respectively than microaggregates (<250 µm) in soil.…”

Section: Soc Stock and Aggregate-associated C And Nsupporting

confidence: 92%

Crop Diversification Effects on Soil Aggregation and Aggregate-Associated Carbon and Nitrogen in Short-Term Rainfed Olive Groves under Semiarid Mediterranean Conditions

et al. 2022

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Soil particle aggregation and their associated carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content can provide valuable diagnostic indicators of changes in soil properties in response to the implementation of different agricultural management practices. In this sense, there is limited knowledge regarding the impact of intercropping on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) pools in aggregates. This study aimed to evaluate the short-term effect (4 years) of three crop diversifications in rainfed olive orchards on soil aggregation, SOC and TN concentration and SOC stocks (SOC-S) under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions. Olive orchards were diversified with Crocus sativus (D-S), Vicia sativa and Avena sativa in rotation (D-O) and Lavandula x intermedia (D-L) and compared with monocropping system (CT). Soil samples were collected at two depths (0–10 and 10–30 cm) and analysed for soil aggregate mass, SOC and TN content in aggregate-size fractions obtained by the wet-sieving method. Changes caused by crop diversifications on SOC-S were also determined. Overall, after 4 years, a reduction in aggregation values was observed. However, D-S increased the macroaggregates (>250 μm) percentage, Mean Weigh Diameter values, and Geometric Mean Value in the 0–10 cm. Across treatments, aggregate-associated C in 0–10 cm was higher in the D-S treatment, while in the 10–30 cm soil layer, the greatest values were found in CT. Regarding the SOC-S, after 4 years, significant losses were recorded under CT management in 0–10 cm (−1.21 Mg ha−1) and 10–30 cm (−0.84 Mg ha−1), while D-O and D-L showed similar values to those obtained at the beginning of the study. The highest increases in SOC-S were found in D-S, with an increase of 5.88% in the 0–10 cm and 14.47% in the 10–30 cm. Our results showed the high potential of the diversified cropping system to increase soil stability and SOC sequestration.

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Section: Soc Stock and Aggregate-associated C And Nsupporting

confidence: 92%

Crop Diversification Effects on Soil Aggregation and Aggregate-Associated Carbon and Nitrogen in Short-Term Rainfed Olive Groves under Semiarid Mediterranean Conditions

et al. 2022

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“…Efforts must be done to enhance SOC content in the areas of IGP having low and medium SOC status. It could be achieved by addition of organics, adoption of crop diversification practices by including pulse crops in cereal based cropping systems [68] and by following conservation agriculture practices [69].…”

Section: Relationship Among Soil Properties and Available Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-monsoon spatial distribution of available micronutrients and sulphur in surface soils and their management zones in Indian Indo-Gangetic Plain

et al. 2020

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The efficient (site-specific) management of soil nutrients is possible by understanding the spatial variability in distribution of phyto-available nutrients (here after called available nutrients) and identifying the soil management zones (MZs) of agricultural landscapes. There is need for delineating soil MZs of agricultural landscapes of the world for efficient management of soil nutrients in order to obtain sustainability in crop yield. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to understand the spatial distribution pattern of available micronutrients (zinc (Zn), boron (B), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu)), available sulphur (S), and soil properties (soil acidity (pH), electrical conductivity (EC) and organic carbon (SOC) content) in soils of intensively cultivated Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) of India and to delineate soil MZs for efficient management of soil nutrients. Totally, 55101 soil samples from 0-15 cm depth were obtained from 167 districts of IGP during 2014 to 2017 and were analysed for different soil parameters. Soil pH, EC and SOC content varied from 4.44 to 9.80, 0.02 to 2.13 dS m-1 and 0.10 to 1.99%, respectively. The concentration of available Zn, B, Fe, Mn, Cu and S varied from 0.01 to 3.27, 0.01 to 3.51, 0.19 to 55.7, 0.05 to 49.0, 0.01 to 5.29 and 1.01 to 108 mg kg-1 , respectively. Geostatistical analysis resulted in varied distribution pattern of studied soil parameters with moderate to strong spatial dependence. The extent (% area) of nutrient deficiencies in IGP followed the order: S > Zn > B > Mn > Cu > Fe. Principal component analysis and fuzzy c-means clustering produced six distinctly different soil MZs of IGP for implementation of zone-specific soil nutrient management strategies for attaining sustainability in crop yield. The developed MZ maps could also be utilized for prioritization and rationalization of nutrients supply in IGP of India.

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“…Endowed with higher root biomass, leaf shedding ability and release of organic compounds, grain legumes increase SOC when cultivated for long-term (Ghosh et al, 2012;Venkatesh et al, 2013). Moreover, fallowing is reported to have a negative impact on SOC and the timing and extent of fallowing influences the rate of depletion of SOC pool (Ghosh et al, 2019). The low SOC in fallowbased system is associated with the addition of less amount of nonharvested crop biomass (Calegari et al, 2008), and intensive cropping system is known to increase SOC over time (Hutchinson et al, 2007).…”

Section: Soil Fertility and Base Crop Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain legume inclusion in cereal–cereal rotation increased base crop productivity in the long run

Ghosh¹,

Hazra

Venkatesh

et al. 2019

Ex. Agric.

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Sustainability of cereal-based cropping systems remains crucial for food security in South Asia. However, productivity of cereal–cereal rotations has declined in the long run, demonstrating the need for a sustainable alternative. Base crop, that is, common crop in different crop rotations, productivity could be used as a sustainability indicator for the assessment of different long-term crop rotations. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of grain legume inclusion in lowland rice–wheat (R-W) and upland maize–wheat (M-W) rotation on system’s base crop (rice in lowland and wheat in upland crop rotations) productivity and sustainability and also in soil fertility. Mung bean (April–May) inclusion in R-W rotation increased rice grain yield by 10–14%. In upland, mung bean inclusion in M-W rotation increased wheat grain yield by 5–11%. Replacing wheat with chickpea in R-W rotation increased rice grain yield by 5–8%. Increased base crop productivity in legume inclusive rotations was attributed to significant improvement in panicle (rice) or spike (wheat) attributes. Increased soil organic carbon and available nitrogen and phosphorus in the legume inclusive rotations significantly influenced the base crop productivity in both the production systems. Among the crop rotations, R-W-Mb (in lowland) and M-W-Mb (in upland) rotations had the highest system productivity and net return. Therefore, intensification/diversification of cereal–cereal rotations with grain legume could improve soil fertility and sustain crop productivity.

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Increasing Soil Organic Carbon Through Crop Diversification in Cereal–Cereal Rotations of Indo-Gangetic Plain

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

Crop Diversification Effects on Soil Aggregation and Aggregate-Associated Carbon and Nitrogen in Short-Term Rainfed Olive Groves under Semiarid Mediterranean Conditions

Crop Diversification Effects on Soil Aggregation and Aggregate-Associated Carbon and Nitrogen in Short-Term Rainfed Olive Groves under Semiarid Mediterranean Conditions

Pre-monsoon spatial distribution of available micronutrients and sulphur in surface soils and their management zones in Indian Indo-Gangetic Plain

Grain legume inclusion in cereal–cereal rotation increased base crop productivity in the long run

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