Increasing the Growth and Development of Chili-Pepper Under Three Different Shading Condition in Response to Biofertilizers Application

Abstract

Biological agents such as rhizosphere bacteria and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) are potential agents to improve soil qualities. In addition, species and varieties of crops give different response to the shading related to their growth and development. The research aimed to determine the effect of biofertilizer application under different levels of shading conditions on the growth and capsaicin content of Capsicum frutescens L. and evaluate the suitable levels of shading. The research was conducted from February to June 2019 at Universitas Brawijaya. Bhaskara variety was chosen in this research. Thirteen treatments and three replications were arranged in the randomized design with nest pattern (Nested). The treatments were a combination between the shading level and biofertilizers. The dry weight, nutrient content, fresh weight and capsaicin content were observed. The results showed the application of biofertilizers consisted of PGPR and VAM consortium, under the lowest shading condition (25%) increased the total dry weight of chili, the nutrients absorption, and the capsaicin content. The capsaicin content is influenced by the fruit weight of chili and plant nitrogen uptake. Biofertilizers and the lowest shading conditions contribute to supporting the growth and development of chili pepper.

Effectiveness of a single and a mixture treatments of rhizobacteria in increasing the growth and yield of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

“…The number of fruit consumption and fruit weight consumption per plant increased in seeds treated with rhizobacteria compared to the control. In line with the results of this study, several researchers reported that rhizobacteria were able to improve plant growth and yield [17,[31][32][33].…”

Chili crop innovation: Exploring enclosed growing designs for varied varieties—A review

“…To ensure that chili plants receive the proper amount of water and nutrients, greenhouse systems frequently incorporate adequate irrigation and nutrient delivery systems (Khan et al., 2008). Carbon dioxide levels may be maintained in greenhouses courtesy of controlled environments, which can encourage plant growth and raise harvests of chilies (Hariyono et al., 2021). Greenhouse plants are protected from harsh weather and temperature fluctuations, they are less stressed by the environment and can produce higher yields overall (Zulkarnain et al., 2023).…”

Sustainable cultivation of red chili plants (Capsicum annuum L.) through a composition of NPK and biological organics fertilizers

“…The high availability of nutrients, especially P elements, will have an impact on the formation of flowers, fruits and seeds of red chili plants. The results of research [18], the number and weight of fresh fruit from chili plants increases due to the nutrient content in the biofertilizer being able to be absorbed by the chili plants.…”