Incremental shuttle walking is associated with activation of haemostatic and haemorheological markers in patients with coronary artery disease: the Birmingham rehabilitation uptake maximisation study (BRUM)

Lee, Kaeng; Blann, Andrew D.; Ingram, Jackie; Jolly, Kate; Lip, Gregory Y.H.

doi:10.1136/hrt.2004.050005

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, we observed that the intensity of exercise during the ISWT was submaximal (78 ± 12% of HRmax). In studies evaluating healthy individuals [18,19,27,28], we were unable to find details regarding exercise intensity during the ISWT. The results of percentage of HRmax in the present study showed great variability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Woolf-May and Ferrett [28] evaluated 19 healthy elderly control subjects and observed similar results (1st ISWT = 553 ± 93 m; 2nd ISWT = 560 ± 111 m). The small number of healthy individuals typically included in control groups precludes the drawing of conclusions regarding the learning effect on the ISWT [18,19,28]. Although Tully et al [27] applied the ISWT in 106 healthy elderly individuals, the authors did not provide details about the learning effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We found no data in the literature concerning the correlation between age and ISWD in healthy subjects. However, studies involving healthy controls suggest that there is an influence of age on the ISWD [18,19]. Our volunteers (mean age 58 ± 10 years) walked, on average, 508 ± 160 m. Lee et al [18], in a study involving 19 healthy older volunteers (mean age 61 ± 10 years), found the mean ISWD to be 440 m (range 360–520 m).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, studies involving healthy controls suggest that there is an influence of age on the ISWD [18,19]. Our volunteers (mean age 58 ± 10 years) walked, on average, 508 ± 160 m. Lee et al [18], in a study involving 19 healthy older volunteers (mean age 61 ± 10 years), found the mean ISWD to be 440 m (range 360–520 m). Similarly, Dyer et al [19] reported a mean ISWD of 243 ± 21 m in a sample of 32 healthy older controls aged 70–85 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Incremental Shuttle Walk Test in Older Brazilian Adults

Jürgensen

Antunes²,

Tanni

et al. 2010

Respiration

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Background: Despite widespread use of the incremental shuttle walk distance (ISWD), there are no reference equations for predicting it. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate ISWD in healthy subjects and to establish a reference equation for its prediction. Methods: 131 Brazilian individuals (61 males; 59 ± 10 years) performed 2 walk tests in a 10-m long corridor. We assessed height, weight, body mass index, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity and self-reported physical activity. Results: Mean ISWD was greater in males than in females (606 ± 167 vs. 443 ± 117 m; p < 0.001). ISWD correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with age (r = –0.51), height (r = 0.54) and weight (r = 0.20). A predictive model including age, height, weight and gender explained 50.3% of the ISWD variance. In an additional group of 20 subjects prospectively studied, the difference between measured and predicted ISWD was not statistically significant (534 ± 84 vs. 552 ± 87 m, respectively), representing 97 ± 12% of the predicted value calculated with our reference equation for ISWD. Conclusions: This reference equation including demographic and anthropomorphic attributes could be useful for interpreting the walking performance of patients with chronic diseases that affect exercise capacity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Incremental Shuttle Walk Test in Older Brazilian Adults

Jürgensen

Antunes²,

Tanni

et al. 2010

Respiration

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“…18 There is a large body of data supporting the relationship between autonomic tone and platelet activation 14 -17 and more recent data supports an association of heart rate and thrombogenesis in patients with CHD. 30,31 Recent studies 31 suggest that levels of physical exertion during cardiac rehabilitation are associated with increased hemostatic indices such as vWF, fibrinogen, and D-dimer concentrations with a positive correlation between maximum heart rate and fibrinogen concentrations. The data suggest cardiac autonomic tone links to hemostatic indices during acute coronary events when there is predominantly sympathetic overactivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers of Thrombosis and Hemostasis in Acute Coronary Syndromes: Relationship to Increased Heart Rate and Reduced Heart‐Rate Variability

Hamaad

Sosin

Blann

et al. 2009

Clinical Cardiology

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Background: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are characterized by abnormal heart-rate variability (HRV) and biomarkers of endothelial damage and thrombosis. Hypothesis: We hypothesized an association between these factors in patients with ACS. Methods: We studied 99 patients with ACS measuring HRV and plasma markers of endothelial damage/dysfunction (von Willebrand factor, vWF) and thrombosis/hemostasis (soluble P-selectin (s-Psel); CD 40 -ligand (CD 40 -L); D-dimer). HRV and plasma indices were compared to age-and gender-matched controls. Measures were repeated at 4 months in a subset. vWF, s-Psel and D-Dimer levels were raised compared to control. Results: HRV indices were reduced (mean RR, SDNN, SDNNi, RMSSD, Triangular index, LF and HF). There were weak correlations between mean RR and s-Psel (R = −0.234, p = 0.023) and D-dimer (R = −0.219, p = 0.041). At 4-month follow-up, significant correlations were between mean RR and CD 40 L (R = −0.414, p = 0.008) and D-dimer (R = −0.363, p = 0.012). On multivariate logistic regression analysis statin use (p = 0.046) was the only independent predictor of acute s-Psel levels. Age (p = 0.004) and mean RR interval (p = 0.01) were independent predictors of D-dimer levels at follow-up. Conclusions: Abnormal HRV is associated with markers of hemostasis and thrombosis in ACS, and present both in the acute and rehabilitation phases.

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