Independent active microplate tectonics of northeast Asia from GPS velocities and block modeling

Apel, E. V.; Bürgmann, Roland; Steblov, G. M.; Vasilenko, N. F.; King, Robert W.; Prytkov, A. S.

doi:10.1029/2006gl026077

Cited by 125 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The eastern boundary of the Amurian microplate is made up of the Japan Trench subduction zone, the Japan Nankai subduction zone, and the southwest subduction boundary of the Okhotsk block (APEL et al 2006). Based on historical earthquake studies, large earthquakes have also occurred in the Japan Nankai trough (ISHIBASHI 2004;MOCHIZUKI and OBANA 2003).…”

Section: Discussion Of Crustal Strain In Northeast and Northern Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Far-Field Co-seismic and Post-seismic Responses Caused by the 2011 M W 9.0 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

Shao

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2015

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Abstract-We analyzed the far-field co-seismic response of the M W 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, which occurred on March 11th 2011 at the Japan Trench plate boundary. Our analysis indicates that the far-field co-seismic displacement was very sensitive to the magnitude of this event, and that a significant co-seismic surface displacement from earthquakes in the Japan Trench region can be observed in Eurasia only for events of M W C 8.0. We also analyzed the temporal characteristics of the near-field post-seismic deformation caused by the afterslip and the viscoelastic relaxation following the Japan earthquake. Next, we performed a simulation to analyze the influence of the two post-seismic effects previously mentioned on the far-field post-seismic crustal deformation. The simulation results help explain the post-seismic crustal deformation observed on the Chinese mainland 1.5 years after the event. Fitting results revealed that after the M W 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, the afterslip decayed exponentially, and may eventually disappear after 4 years. The far-field post-seismic displacement in Eurasia caused by the viscoelastic relaxation following this earthquake will reach the same magnitude as the co-seismic displacement in approximately 10 years. In addition, the co-and post-seismic Coulomb stress on several NE-trending faults in the northeastern and northern regions of the Chinese mainland were significantly enhanced because of the M W 9.0 earthquake, especially on the Yilan-Yitong and the Dunhua-Mishan faults (the northern section of the Tan-Lu fault zone) as well as the Yalujiang and the FuyuZhaodong faults.

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Section: Discussion Of Crustal Strain In Northeast and Northern Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Far-Field Co-seismic and Post-seismic Responses Caused by the 2011 M W 9.0 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

Shao

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2015

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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“…The Japan Trench is a convergent margin where the Pacific Plate subducts beneath the North American Plate in the direction N62°W at a rate of~85 mm/yr [Apel et al, 2006;DeMets et al, 2010;Argus et al, 2011]. The margin has historically hosted high rates of seismic activity, notably 18 M w 7 or larger earthquakes in the past 400 years [e.g., Kanamori et al, 2006;Hashimoto et al, 2009], not including the 2011 M w 9.0 Tohoku-oki event and its aftershocks.…”

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The damage is done: Low fault friction recorded in the damage zone of the shallow Japan Trench décollement

Keren

Kirkpatrick

2016

JGR Solid Earth

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Fault damage zones record the integrated deformation caused by repeated slip on faults and reflect the conditions that control slip behavior. To investigate the Japan Trench décollement, we characterized the damage zone close to the fault from drill core recovered during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 343 (Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project (JFAST)). Core‐scale and microscale structures include phyllosilicate bands, shear fractures, and joints. They are most abundant near the décollement and decrease in density sharply above and below the fault. Power law fits describing the change in structure density with distance from the fault result in decay exponents (n) of 1.57 in the footwall and 0.73 in the hanging wall. Microstructure decay exponents are 1.09 in the footwall and 0.50 in the hanging wall. Observed damage zone thickness is on the order of a few tens of meters. Core‐scale structures dip between ~10° and ~70° and are mutually crosscutting. Compared to similar offset faults, the décollement has large decay exponents and a relatively narrow damage zone. Motivated by independent constraints demonstrating that the plate boundary is weak, we tested if the observed damage zone characteristics could be consistent with low‐friction fault. Quasi‐static models of off‐fault stresses and deformation due to slip on a wavy, frictional fault under conditions similar to the JFAST site predict that low‐friction fault produces narrow damage zones with no preferred orientations of structures. These results are consistent with long‐term frictional weakness on the décollement at the JFAST site.

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“…From GPS on Sakhalin, the observed convergence rate is 6 mm/a at the north of the island, which is the same rate as predicted by convergence of EUR and NAM (Figure 12). In contrast, the scenario with AMU and OKH predicts much faster convergence at 9 mm/a in northern Sakhalin (overprediction by a factor of 1.5), with increase to 16 mm/a in southern Sakhalin (overprediction by a factor of 3) [Apel et al, 2006;E. V. Apel, electronic communication, 28 May 2007].…”

Section: Relative Plate Rotation Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, the Okhotsk (OKH) and Amurian (AMU) microplates are supposed in place of the North American and Eurasian plates in east Asia [Zonenshain and Savostin, 1981;Seno et al, 1996;Apel et al, 2006]. From our solution GPS2007.0, the rotation rate of the Arctic-Siberian part with respect to the main part of the North American plate is statistically insignificant: 0.016 ± 0.011°/Ma; this fact supports the presence of the North American plate in Siberia although the Bering Sea block probably moves with respect to the North American plate [Fournier and Freymueller, 2007].…”

Section: Relative Plate Rotation Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current global plate kinematics from GPS (1995–2007) with the plate‐consistent reference frame

Коган¹,

Steblov²

2008

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] We present the vectors of rotation of 10 major lithospheric plates, estimated from continuous GPS observations at 192 globally distributed stations; 71 stations were selected as representing stable plate regions. All days for the period 1995.0-2007.0 were included in the analysis. In contrast to previous GPS plate models, our model is independent of international terrestrial reference frames (ITRF). The origin of our plate-consistent reference frame is the center of plate rotation (CP) rather than the center of mass of the entire Earth's system (CM) as in recent versions of ITRF. We estimate plate rotations and CP by minimizing the misfit between the horizontal velocities predicted by the plate model and the observed GPS velocities. If any version of ITRF is used as the reference frame, the drift of the ITRF origin relative to CP cannot be neglected in estimation of plate rotation vectors and plate-residual station velocities. The model of the plate kinematics presented here addresses the problem debated since the beginning of the space geodesy: how big are disagreements between the current plate motions and the motions averaged over several million years? We compare the vectors of relative plate rotations estimated here with the published vectors from GPS and geologic models. We also discuss the integrity of individual plates as exhibited by plate-residual station velocities. For seven largest plates, the RMS value of plate-residual station velocities in stable plate interiors is 0.5-0.9 mm/a; this value is an upper bound on deviation of real plates from infinite stiffness.

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Independent active microplate tectonics of northeast Asia from GPS velocities and block modeling

Cited by 125 publications

References 24 publications

Analysis of the Far-Field Co-seismic and Post-seismic Responses Caused by the 2011 M W 9.0 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

Analysis of the Far-Field Co-seismic and Post-seismic Responses Caused by the 2011 M W 9.0 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

The damage is done: Low fault friction recorded in the damage zone of the shallow Japan Trench décollement

Current global plate kinematics from GPS (1995–2007) with the plate‐consistent reference frame

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