Independent predictors of cancer‐specific survival in transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract

Abstract

Sulfonation degree determination of sulfonated polystyrene and the corresponding ionomers are performed by adiabatic bomb calorimeter. The theoretical calculations from the band energies for the combustion enthalpy values (calorific values) and the experimental values are compared, and a linear relation between the values is found. Sulfonation and neutralization processes are examined by elemental sulfur analysis and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). It was obvious that increasing sulfonation degree yields a decrease in the combustion enthalpy values, as it is expected from the theoretical calculations. In addition, metal ion incorporation to the structure deviates the experimental combustion enthalpy values especially for the ionomers which have higher sulfonation degrees. This is due to the formation of a higher degree aggregation. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 4684–4688, 2006

Trends in epidemiology and treatment of upper urinary tract tumours in the Netherlands 1995–2005: an analysis of PALGA, the Dutch national histopathology registry

“…As in other clinical series, most tumours in the present study were grade 2 or 3 and stage Ta, T1 or T3 [6][7][8][9]. Moreover, there was a statistically significant increase in grade 3 and muscle invasive tumours.…”

“…Data on distribution of stage and grade at initial presentation indicate that most patients present with a low stage (Ta-T1) grade 2 or 3 tumour [1,[6][7][8][9]. Stage and grade are the most important prognostic factors for recurrence and survival [7][8][9][10][11], but type of treatment [7] and multifocality [8,12], have also been reported to be important, to a variable extent.…”

Highly predictive survival nomogram after upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma

“…These limitations are shared with all studies that have resulted in the development and validation of predictive or other prognostic and predictive models. [7][8][9][10][11]24,[26][27][28][38][39][40][41][42] Possibly, the use of biomarkers could improve its accuracy. The ability of biomarker data has been confirmed to improve nomogram predictions.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] The pathological T and N categories and pathologically defined tumor grade are powerful indicators of prognosis. [6][7][8][9][10][11] However, to date, the ability of the combined input from pathological stage, grade, and other tumor and patient characteristics has never been examined with respect to prediction of cancer-specific mortality after nephroureterectomy. In the current study, we hypothesized that, like in other malignancies, pT and pN stages combined with tumor grade and patient characteristics, such as age and sex, could highly accurately predict the probability of cancerspecific mortality.…”

Outcomes of radical nephroureterectomy: A series from the Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Collaboration

“…[3][4][5][6][7] While, these reports have contributed greatly to the current knowledge of the natural history and the prognostic factors important in UTUC, conclusions have been limited by small patient numbers and inhomogeneity of the study populations, as related to diagnosis, patient selection, staging, pathologic evaluation, and treatment. Nonetheless, these series have uniformly established that a significant proportion of UTUC patients eventually die of their disease due to unrecognized systemic metastases present at the time of surgery, underscoring the importance of thoughtful integration of adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy strategies for patients at high risk of disease relapse.…”