“…Dissolved organic matter (DOM), which is highly mobile and less inert, is the world's largest carbon reservoir (Inamdar et al, 2012;Yu et al, 2020), supplying both nutrient sources for plant roots and energy for microbial metabolism (Zhang et al, 2020). DOM interacts with water pollutants through various physical and chemical processes (Wen et al, 2016;He et al, 2022), and plays a role in the maintenance and release of nutrients and biological availability, having a signi cant impact on the material cycling of the ecosystem (Inamdar et al, 2012;Hao et al, 2017;D'Andrilli et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2022).…”