Indeterminate hepatitis C

Li, X.M.; Reddy, K. Rajender; Jeffers, Lennox J.; Parker, Talley; Medina, Maria de; Schiff, Eugene R.

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)90616-o

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Even most indeterminant RIBA assays have been shown to be associated with hepatitis C viremia. 54 Mean ALT and AST enzyme levels were lower in the small group of our subjects (6.4%) who did not test positive for anti-HCV compared to subjects who tested positive for anti-HCV. All other subject groups, regardless of whether they tested positive or negative for a specific hepatitis marker did not statistically differ on mean ALT and AST levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A, B, C, and D Markers and Liver Function Abnormalities in Intravenous Heroin Addicts

Tennant

Moll

1995

Journal of Addictive Diseases

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To determine the most prevalent forms of hepatitis in intravenous heroin addicts, 389 addicts consecutively admitted to outpatient treatment clinics throughout California were tested for antibodies to hepatitis A (anti-HAV), B core (anti-HBc), B surface (anti-HBs), C (anti-HCV), D (anti-HDV), and B surface antigen (HBsAg). The majority were also tested for serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, total bilirubin, globulins, albumin, and platelet count. The seroprevalence of each marker was: anti-HAV (40.7%); anti-Hbc (73.6%); anti-HBs (46.7%); anti-HCV (93.6%); anti-HDV (9.6%), and HBsAg (3.5%). No single case was positive for IgM, anti-HAV, or for both HBsAg and anti-HDV, indicating the presence of recent hepatitis A or hepatitis D infection. Abnormal liver enzymes, serum proteins, total bilirubin, and platelet count were found to be normal in 5.3 to 44.8% of anti-HCV cases indicating persistent infection. Among anti-HCV cases, elevated total bilirubin or a low platelet count was invariably associated with one or more liver enzyme and protein abnormalities. We conclude that while acute hepatitis may be frequent and caused by various viral types, hepatitis C is the primary form of chronic hepatitis found in intravenous heroin addicts. Almost half of hepatitis C cases demonstrate liver function abnormalities indicating persistent infection that has the potential to be contagious and progress to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A, B, C, and D Markers and Liver Function Abnormalities in Intravenous Heroin Addicts

Tennant

Moll

1995

Journal of Addictive Diseases

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“…A positive RIBA test is associated with reactivity with two or more of the antigens, and in the majority (63%) of cases88reactivity to all four antigens is detected. An indeterminate result shows reactivity to any one antigen.…”

Section: 0 Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical guidelines on the management of hepatitis C

Booth¹,

O’Grady²,

Neuberger³

2001

Gut

137

116

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“…D Li et al4 suggest that band intensity is important when considering indeterminant results in the second generation recombinant immunoblot assay. Of 54 such samples in our study, 13 (11 of which were reactive to core 22 antigen) showed a band intensity greater than 2+.…”

Section: New Generation Of Assays Should Improve Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%