“…In addition to geography and political organization, another important factor in the model of slaving zones is "customs" (or "level of civilization"), whereby one group depreciates the habits of another and thereby validates its own superiority. 97 Many sixteenth-century Chinese writings about the Portuguese portray them as guilty of cannibalism, which we can understand as representational retaliation for the Folangji intrusion into China. One specific Chinese accusation has been associated with Simão de Andrade's trafficking of children in 1520, some of whom, it was said, he "roasted and ate," and more generally with the first Portuguese traders at Guangzhou acquiring children as slaves and servants.…”