Index finger extension and strength after extensor indicis proprius transfer

Noorda, R. J. P.; Hage, J. Joris; Groot, Peter J.M. de; Bloem, J.

doi:10.1016/0363-5023(94)90199-6

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The extensor indicis muscle is widely utilized in surgeries of tendon transfer designed to restore a variety of finger movements (Gonzalez et al, Kitano et al, 1996;Batra et al). It is utilized in reference to dysfunctions caused by functional loss of the abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis muscles (Batra et al), and extensor pollicis longus (Noorda et al,1994). Theoretically, the preference for using the extensor indicis is in the maintenance of this function, because it receives an extensor digitorum tendon (Gonzalez et al).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensor indicis brevis Muscle: an Unusual Muscular Variant

et al. 2012

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SUMMARY:Knowledge of anatomical variations of the musculoskeletal system is important for interpreting unusual clinical presentations. We observed the presence of an abnormal extensor indicis muscle in the left hand of an adult male cadaver. In this case, the muscle comes from the ligament and over the scaphoideum and trapezoideum bones and continues after the short muscle belly; it is attached to the dorsal aponeurosis of the indicis. This muscular disposition was described in other studies which demonstrated approximately 1.0% of incidence. Clinically, this anatomical variation may be associated with pain and swelling at the back of the hand. In these cases symptoms tend to increase due to mechanical stress and can be confused with the presence of a dorsal synovial cyst. This report will help clinicians, surgeons, occupational and physical therapists formulate better clinical or surgical decisions when presented with a rare anatomical variation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensor indicis brevis Muscle: an Unusual Muscular Variant

et al. 2012

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“…Similar studies reported an extension lag of the index MCP joint ranging from 10° to 20° in seven of 27 patients (8), from 4° to 20° in four of six patients (10), or a mean extension lag of 25° in 13 patients (1). Several authors have suggested that extensor lag of the index finger following transfer is most likely the result of scarring induced around the extensor hood, rather than from the loss of extension power after EIP transfer (5,8,19,20). In a recent study, Low et al (3) suggest that loss of thumb extension and flexion and loss of index extension may be limited in EIP transfer by using an alternate position for immobilization, whereby tensioning is done with the wrist in neutral position and the thumb in full extension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of Either Index Finger Extensor Tendon to the Extensor Pollicis Longus Tendon

Meads

Bogoch

2004

Canadian Journal of Plastic Surgery

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BM Meads, ER Bogoch. Transfer of either index finger extensor tendon to the extensor pollicis longus tendon. Can J Plast Surg 2004;12(1):31-34.BACKGROUND: Extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon ruptures have been treated succesfully with the transfer of the extensor indicis proprius (EIP) tendon. Situations exist in which, due to intraoperative observations, another tendon transfer may be considered preferable to the standard EIP transfer method. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether transfer of the extensor digitorum communis II (EDC II) tendon from the index finger to the EPL tendon, leaving the EIP tendon to the index finger intact, would serve as an equally efficient transfer and not adversely affect the function of the hand. METHODS: Two patients who had the EDC II tendon transferred to the ruptured EPL tendon, and two patients who had the EIP tendon transferred, were retrospectively reviewed. In each transfer type, one patient had suffered an EPL tendon rupture after a Colles' fracture, and the other had rheumatoid arthritis. The rupture occurred on the non-dominant side in one patient in each transfer type. Each patient was examined and subjected to range of motion and power testing at least one year following surgery. RESULTS: All four patients showed a minimal extension lag with the lift off test, but there was no noticeable difference in range of motion, pinch grip and hand grip strength between the transfer types. Both EDC II transfer patients demonstrated an 8° to 15° loss of thumb interphalangeal joint flexion compared with the unoperated side; EIP transfer patients demonstrated less than a 5° loss. Three patients demonstrated a minor extension lag in the index finger and middle finger. Extension power of the thumb and index finger in all patients varied with wrist flexion and extension and ranged from 50% to 150% of the unoperated side. CONCLUSIONS: These case reports suggest that either index finger tendon may be successfully transferred in EPL tendon ruptures.

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“…The distal and radial insertion to the extensor hood demonstrated some additional benefits in reducing the clawing and did not result in the swan-neck deformity that Dellon 7 has proposed may occur with a more distal insertion of the transferred tendon. Detachment of the EIP proximal to the extensor hood, as was recommended by Noorda et al, 18 resulted in no extension lag of the index finger.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 94%

“…Previous literature indicates that index finger extension strength is reduced to half or two thirds of the normal finger after the EIP transfer. 18,20,21 Although generally no functional deficits are noted after EIP transfer, preservation of the EIP may be preferable in some patients who require a strong extension of the index finger in their profession. 22 There is also an 0.5% possibility that EIP may be absent, which would make its use impossible.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 97%