Index for “Intriguing World of Weeds”

Mitich, Larry W.

doi:10.1017/s0890037x00034126

Cited by 39 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…Tansy is a perennial composite with bright yellow flowers native to Europe and Asia (Mitich, 1992). It grows mainly along river valleys, but also occurs in welldrained poor soils and on wastelands.…”

Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial population dynamics of a specialist aphid parasitoid, Lysiphlebus hirticornis Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae): evidence for philopatry and restricted dispersal

et al. 2010

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Within insect communities, the population ecology of organisms representing higher trophic levels, for example, hymenopterous parasitoids, may be influenced by the structure of their insect hosts. Using microsatellite markers and ecological data, we investigated the population structure of the specialist braconid wasp parasitoid, Lysiphlebus hirticornis Mackauer attacking Metopeurum fuscoviride, a specialist aphid feeding on tansy, Tanacetum vulgare. Previous studies revealed that M. fuscoviride has a classic metapopulation structure with high subpopulation turnover. In this study, up to 100% of ramets within a host plant genet colonized by aphids were colonized by the parasitoid, yet plants with aphids but no parasitoids were also observed. Genetic differentiation measured by F ST , actual differentiation (D) and relative differentiation (G ST ) indicated highly structured parasitoid population demes, with restricted gene flow among and between parasitoid subpopulations at the various sites. Interestingly, both field data and population assignment analysis showed that the parasitoid is highly philopatric. Thus, despite the frequent local extinctions of the aphid host, the parasitoid continuously exploits its aphid host and contributes to the demise of local aphid subpopulations, rather than spreading its genes over many aphid populations. F ST values for the haplodiploid parasitoid were similar to those found in an independent study of the diploid aphid host, M. fuscoviride, hence supporting the view that an insect herbivore's population structure directly influences the ecology and genetics of the higher trophic level, in this case the wasp parasitoid.

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Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial population dynamics of a specialist aphid parasitoid, Lysiphlebus hirticornis Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae): evidence for philopatry and restricted dispersal

et al. 2010

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“…Maesen and Almeida (Ward, 1998a), is an invasive exotic weed in the United States. A perennial, semi-woody, climbing leguminous vine, this species is of great concern in the southeastern United States (Forseth and Teramura, 1987;Holm et al, 1979;Patterson, 1976), but ranges from Florida to Massachusetts and west to Oklahoma and Texas (Frankel, 1989;Mitich, 2000). New infestations have recently been reported in Oregon and Washington State (Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By 1970, it was listed as a common weed in the southeastern United States (Everest et al, 1999), and today is listed as a noxious weed in at least nine states. Estimates of the current kudzu infestation in the US vary considerably, from several hundred thousand to over 10 million acres (4.05 million ha), but the most commonly cited Wgure is around 7 million acres (2.84 million ha) (Britton et al, 2002;Corley et al, 1997;Everest et al, 1999;Fears and Frederick, 1977;Miller and Edwards, 1983;Mitich, 2000) and the infestation continues to spread. Kudzu is widely believed to drastically reduce biodiversity because of its ability to smother other vegetation and develop large-scale monocultures (Alderman, 1998), although quantitative investigations are lacking (Forseth and Innis, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of phytophagous insects and foliar pathogens in China for a biocontrol perspective on kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen and S. Almeida (Fabaceae)

et al. 2006

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of phytophagous insects and foliar pathogens in China for a biocontrol perspective on kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen and S. Almeida (Fabaceae)" (2006 AbstractA three-year survey of kudzu foliage, seed, stems, and roots for associated phytophagous insects was conducted to establish basic information about the insect communities that kudzu harbors in China and to assess the abundance, diversity and damage caused by these insects. Diseases of kudzu were also surveyed in southern China. A total of 116 phytophagous insect species in 31 families and 5 orders were collected from kudzu in China, in six feeding guilds: foliage, sap, stem, terminal, seed and root feeders. The impact of foliage feeders varied from site to site and year to year, and over the course of the growing season. The mean percent defoliation of kudzu over all plots and years was 13.3 § 1.9%, but ranged as high as 34%. Two insect species fed on shoots and clipped oV terminals. Infestation of new shoots was high, with nearly half of all shoots clipped. Nearly half of the vines showed damage from stem borers, again varying through the season. Two species of insects attacked kudzu roots, mainly the cerambycid beetle Paraleprodera diophthalma (Pascoe), which caused considerable damage to both small (young, <3.4 cm diameter) and large (older, >6 cm diameter) roots. Insects also caused substantial seed damage. Imitation rust, caused by Synchytrium minutum [ D S. puerariae (P. Henning) Miyabe], was the most commonly observed disease of kudzu. Several of these species have potential as biological control agents for kudzu in the US. 

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“…[20]. Kudzu, a perennial leguminous vine native to eastern Asia, was introduced into the US in the late 1800's and now occurs from Florida to New York, westward to central Oklahoma and Texas, with heavy infestations in Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi [21] [22] [23]. In 1993, a Congressional Report cited kudzu as one of the most harmful non-indigenous plants in the US.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioherbicidal Efficacy of a <i>Myrothecium verrucaria</i>-Sector on Several Plant Species

Hoagland¹,

Boyette²,

Stetina³

et al. 2016

AJPS

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Comparative studies were conducted on mycelial preparations of the bioherbicide, Myrothecium verrucaria (MV) strain IMI 361690 and a recently discovered sector (MV-Sector BSH) of this fungus. The whitish sector was discovered, isolated, grown in pure culture on PDA and found to be a stable, non-spore producing mutant when cultured over several months under conditions that cause circadian sporulation during growth of its MV parent. Application of MV and MV-Sector BSH mycelial preparations to intact plants (hemp sesbania and sicklepod) and leaf discs (kudzu and glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth) showed that the sector efficacy was generally equal to, or slightly lower than MV. Bioassays of MV and this sector on seed germination and early growth of sicklepod and hemp sesbania seeds demonstrated that hemp sesbania seeds were slightly more sensitive to the fungus than sicklepod seeds and that the sector bioherbicidal activity was slightly less than that of MV. SDS-PAGE protein profiles of cellular extracts of MV and the sector and their respective culture supernatants showed several differences with respect to quantity and number of certain protein bands. Overall results showed that the isolate was a non-spore producing mutant with phytotoxicity to several weeds (including weeds tolerant or resistant to glyphosate), and that the phytotoxic effects were generally equivalent to those caused by MV treatment. Results of this first report of a non-sporulating MV mutant that suggest additional studies on protein analysis, and an extended weed host range under greenhouse and field conditions are needed in order to further evaluate its possible bioherbicidal potential.

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Index for “Intriguing World of Weeds”

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Spatial population dynamics of a specialist aphid parasitoid, Lysiphlebus hirticornis Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae): evidence for philopatry and restricted dispersal

Spatial population dynamics of a specialist aphid parasitoid, Lysiphlebus hirticornis Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae): evidence for philopatry and restricted dispersal

Survey of phytophagous insects and foliar pathogens in China for a biocontrol perspective on kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen and S. Almeida (Fabaceae)

Bioherbicidal Efficacy of a <i>Myrothecium verrucaria</i>-Sector on Several Plant Species

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Index for “Intriguing World of Weeds”

Cited by 39 publications

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Spatial population dynamics of a specialist aphid parasitoid, Lysiphlebus hirticornis Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae): evidence for philopatry and restricted dispersal

Spatial population dynamics of a specialist aphid parasitoid, Lysiphlebus hirticornis Mackauer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae): evidence for philopatry and restricted dispersal

Survey of phytophagous insects and foliar pathogens in China for a biocontrol perspective on kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen and S. Almeida (Fabaceae)

Bioherbicidal Efficacy of a &lt;i&gt;Myrothecium verrucaria&lt;/i&gt;-Sector on Several Plant Species

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Bioherbicidal Efficacy of a <i>Myrothecium verrucaria</i>-Sector on Several Plant Species