Indexing Mixed Aperture Icosahedral Hexagonal Discrete Global Grid Systems

Abstract

Discrete global grid systems (DGGSs) are an emerging multiresolution 3D model used to integrate and analyze big earth data. The characteristic of multiresolution is usually realized by hierarchically subdividing cells on the sphere using certain refinement. This paper introduces mixed aperture three- and four- icosahedral hexagonal DGGSs using two types of refinement, the various combinations of which can provide more resolutions compared with pure aperture hexagonal DGGSs and can flexibly design the aperture sequence according to the target resolutions. A general hierarchy-based indexing method is first designed, and related indexing arithmetics and algorithm are developed based on the indexing method. Then, the grid structure on the surface of the icosahedron is described and by projection spherical grids are obtained. Experiments show that the proposed scheme is superior to pure aperture schemes in choosing grid resolutions and can reduce the data volume by 38.5% in representing 1-km resolution raster dataset; using the proposed indexing arithmetics to replace spherical geometry operations in generating discrete spherical vector lines based on hexagonal cells can improve the generation efficiency.

A GPU-Based Integration Method from Raster Data to a Hexagonal Discrete Global Grid

“…For example, Rui Wang [4] implemented a raster integration algorithm design based on a generalized hierarchical indexing method for the icosahedral mixed-aperture hexagonal grid, which can reduce the data volume by 38.5% compared to the pure-aperture algorithm design. Mingke Li [5], on the other hand, focused on the study of multi-resolution topographic map integration based on a hexagonal grid, which was achieved through the calculation of descriptive statistics, topographic parameters, and topographic indices for raster integration. Andrew Rawson [6] performed raster integration by resampling the raster surface using grid centroids and experimentally demonstrated the applicability of DGGSs as spatial data structures for maritime risk analysis.…”

“…To be exact, this research adopts the method of mesh grid-stride loops (GSLs) to execute the resampling of raster data in the CUDA. During the data solving process, the grid-stride loop is imple- From this, the bilinear interpolation formula for the center of the hexagonal grid can be derived, as in Equation (5).…”

“…2024, 16,2022 2 of 27 In recent years, several scholars have conducted research on DGGS-based raster data integration. For example, Rui Wang [5] developed an indexing method based on icosahedral mixed-aperture hexagonal grids and implemented a raster integration algorithm design based on this. Mingke Li [6] investigated multi-resolution raster integration in a hexagonal DGGS environment and manipulated the data after integration with descriptive statistics, terrain parameters, and terrain metrics.…”

Correlation Analysis and Reconstruction of the Geometric Evaluation Indicator System of the Discrete Global Grid

“…DGGs have been widely used in large-scale spatial data management, decision making, and simulation analysis. For example, they have been used in the spatial data organization, indexing, analysis, and visualization [6][7][8][9]; global environmental and soil monitoring models [10,11]; atmospheric numerical simulations and visualizations [12]; ocean numerical simulations and visualizations [13]; place names management or gazetteers [14]; big Earth data observations [12,15]; modeling of offset regions around the locations of Internet of Things (IoT) devices [16]; cartographic generalization and pattern recognition for choropleth map-making [17]; the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) data integration and sharing [18]; the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) [19]; especially in digital Earth [5,16,[20][21][22], and so on.…”