India–East Antarctica conjugate margins: rift-shear tectonic setting inferred from gravity and bathymetry data

Chand, Shyam; Radhakrishna, M.; Subrahmanyam, C.

doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(00)00349-6

Cited by 65 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…They say that the COB, which is about 50 km away from the foot of the slope, differs from that inferred by Murthy et al (1993) at the foot of the continental slope. Chand et al (2001) suggest that the northern part of the ECMI is a rift margin and that the southern part is a transform-rift margin. A comprehensive study of the aeromagnetic map (Fig.…”

Section: Previous Geophysical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The Eastern Continental Margin of India (ECMI) is formed due to the breaking up and drifting of Gondwanaland, commencing from the Permian and continuing into the Early Cretaceous (Sastry et al 1981;Chand et al 2001). The ECMI is a wide continental shelf, whose width gradually decreases from North to South while the base of the slope deepens from North to South.…”

Section: Geological Setting Of the Offshore Mahanadi Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier, several geophysical studies (Babu Rao et al 1982;Jagannathan et al 1983;Mishra 1984;Mukhopadhyay and Krishna M 1992;Murthy et al 1993;Subrahmanyam et al 1994, Gopal Rao et al 1997, Chand et al 2001, Nayak and Rama Rao 2002) based on magnetic, gravity and seismic data over the ECMI were made. Babu Rao et al (1982) mentioned about the conspicuous shelf magnetic anomaly on the aeromagnetic map of the offshore Mahanadi basin.…”

Section: Previous Geophysical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic Evidence for Volcanism at Eastern Continental Margin of India: Juxtaposition with Elan Bank (Southern Indian Ocean)

Sarma

2008

Surv Geophys

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The rifted Eastern Continental Margin of India (ECMI) has evolved as a result of breakup of East Gondwanaland. Previous geophysical studies of the continental margin have not elucidated upon its volcanic nature. Magnetics plays a useful role in the study of continental margins, particularly in identifying the volcanic units. The aeromagnetic map of the offshore Mahanadi basin of ECMI displays a conspicuous linear anomaly along the continental shelf. A comprehensive study of the published aeromagnetic, marine magnetic and gravity data of the offshore Mahanadi basin reveals the existence of a seaward dipping volcanic unit in the offshore Mahanadi basin bordering the Hinge zone. This inference suggests that the ECMI is a volcanic rifted margin. The study further indicates the deepening of the basement towards the sea. In addition, the existing geological studies on the ECMI demarcated the probable limit of the continental crust by studying the basement detached tectonic style of the sedimentation in sub-surface configuration of the East coast basins of India. The probable continental crustal limit, the Hinge zone, and the inner edge of the presently inferred volcanic unit conform to one another spatially in the offshore Mahanadi region. These features characterize the inferred volcanic body as seaward dipping reflectors (SDRs) that usually occur at the rifted continental margins. The deepening of the basement towards the sea and the presence of the volcanic body on the continental margin are indicative of the transitional nature of the crust. It is generally accepted that Antarctica and India were juxtaposed before the breakup of Gondwanaland. But the microcontinents in the southern Indian Ocean are neglected in the reconstruction of Gondwanaland continents. The recent studies of the discovery of continental crust within the Elan Bank (EB) microcontinent show that the EB was contiguous with the East coast of India before the breakup of Gondwanaland. Moreover, it is reported that the upper igneous crust of the EB consists of a 2-3 km thick layer of accumulated lava flows originating from the Kerguelen hotspot. An estimate shows that the total volume of volcanic and plutonic component of the Elan Bank is about 0.3 million cubic kilometers. The present inference of a volcanic body from the offshore Mahanadi basin is in agreement with the above observations of the juxtaposition of EB with ECMI.

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Section: Previous Geophysical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Geological Setting Of the Offshore Mahanadi Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Previous Geophysical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic Evidence for Volcanism at Eastern Continental Margin of India: Juxtaposition with Elan Bank (Southern Indian Ocean)

Sarma

2008

Surv Geophys

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“…comm., 2001). Neither does the conjugate continental margin of East India (e.g., Gopala Rao et al, 1997;Chand et al, 2001), although thick sediments of the Bengal Fan mask the margin's basement structure due south of the Rajmahal Traps (e.g., Kent et al, 1997;Subrahmanyam et al, 1999). Thus, unlike the Iceland hotspot and the associated North Atlantic volcanic province and the Tristan hotspot and the associated Paraná/Etendeka flood basalt province, the peak output of the Kerguelen hotspot cannot be correlated temporally or spatially with a major phase of continental breakup and volcanic margin formation.…”

Section: The Kerguelen Hotspot and Indian Ocean Plate Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This hypothesis predicts that the portion of the East India continental margin from which Elan Bank and portions of the SKP broke up and separated are to some extent volcanic, despite the observed lack of significant volcanism (e.g., Gopala Rao et al, 1997;Chand et al, 2001). For the Bengal Fan portion of the East Indian margin, however, evaluating this prediction awaits acquisition of high-quality, deep seismic data.…”

Section: Fa Frey Et Al Leg 183 Synthesis: a Large Igneous Provincementioning

confidence: 99%

Leg 183 Synthesis: Kerguelen Plateau–Broken Ridge—A Large Igneous Province

Frey¹,

Coffin²,

Wallace³

et al. 2003

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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The Kerguelen Plateau and Broken Ridge form a large igneous province (LIP) in the southern Indian Ocean. The main objectives of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 183 were to understand the origin and evolution of this LIP and the impact of its formation on the environment. Igneous basement (33 to 233 m of penetration) has been recovered from 11 drill sites on the LIP, and 7 are Leg 183 sites. Studies of the basement and sediment cores lead to the following conclusions. Although an important caveat is that we have access only to uppermost basement of a thick (~20 km) igneous crust, these results are inconsistent with massive volcanism associated with a single plume head and continental breakup. 2. The uppermost igneous basement is dominantly tholeiitic basalt. Based on the physical characteristics of the lava flows, which indicate subaerial eruption, and the occurrence of overlying terrestrially derived sediments containing wood fragments, fern remains, and terrestrial palynoflora, much of the LIP was above sea level when magmatic output was high. 3. The geochemical characteristics of basalt forming the LIP are unlike mid-ocean-ridge basalt (MORB). There are, however,

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The tectonic development and erosion of the Knox Subglacial Sedimentary Basin, East Antarctica

Maritati

Aitken

Young

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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Sedimentary basins beneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) have immense potential to inform models of the tectonic evolution of East Antarctica and its ice‐sheet. However, even basic characteristics such as thickness and extent are often unknown. Using airborne geophysical data, we resolve the tectonic architecture of the Knox Subglacial Sedimentary Basin in western Wilkes Land. In addition, we apply an erosion restoration model to reconstruct the original basin geometry for which we resolve geometry typical of a transtensional pull‐apart basin. The tectonic architecture strongly indicates formation as a consequence of the rifting of India from East Gondwana from ca. 160‐130 Ma, and we suggest a spatial link with the western Mentelle Basin offshore Western Australia. The erosion restoration model shows that erosion is confined within the rift margins, suggesting that rift structure has strongly influenced the evolution of the Denman and Scott ice streams.

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India–East Antarctica conjugate margins: rift-shear tectonic setting inferred from gravity and bathymetry data

Cited by 65 publications

References 38 publications

Magnetic Evidence for Volcanism at Eastern Continental Margin of India: Juxtaposition with Elan Bank (Southern Indian Ocean)

Magnetic Evidence for Volcanism at Eastern Continental Margin of India: Juxtaposition with Elan Bank (Southern Indian Ocean)

Leg 183 Synthesis: Kerguelen Plateau–Broken Ridge—A Large Igneous Province

The tectonic development and erosion of the Knox Subglacial Sedimentary Basin, East Antarctica

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