India’s policy options in middle-east: challenges and opportunities

Abstract

India's relations with Gulf countries and West Asia are very old. The Middle-East region plays a significant role in India's economy, as it provides about two-thirds of India's total oil imports. Bilateral trade, especially with the U.A.E., Iran and other Middle-Eastern countries in the Persian Gulf are growing in recent years. For long times, millions of Indian migrants have been moved to search jobs in the Middle-Eastern Countries and they are considered as a significant part of the total remittance received from out of the country. On the other hand, India always maintains a balancing political strategy with the Middle Eastern countries. As such, the relationship between Israel and Palestine is known as the born enemy. But, India played a separate tactical political strategy with those countries.

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“…In this context, India sought Iranian cooperation in dissuading Pakistan from raising Kashmir issue at various world forum. 7 In the early 1990s, India-Iran relations rejuvenated once again with the visit of Indian Prime Minister Narasimha Rao to Iran in 193. The regular exchange of high-level diplomatic visits helped a lot to establish diplomatic linkage in a new manner.…”

The Need for Dialogue between the European Union and the Arab League

“…India became a partner in FDI with UAE and other Persian Gulf countries. Not without importance is the fact that more than 6 million Indian nationals are working in the region and they are sending approximately $40 billion US dollars to India (Gupta 2019;Nandy 2020;Biswas 2020;Pai 2020). Of course, the India involvement in the Arab League countries is much smaller than that of China.…”