Indicating the parameters of the state of degradation of municipal solid waste

Francois, V.; Feuillade, Geneviève; Skhiri, N.; Lagier, Thomas; Matejka, G.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.03.026

Cited by 53 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Landfilling has been the most common way to dispose of municipal solid waste (MSW) in many countries for decades, intended to reduce environmental impacts to a minimum (Francois et al 2006). Waste is normally landfilled in horizontal layers and then compacted mechanically.…”

Section: Landfillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of PBDEs in Landfill Leachates from Across Canada

Danon-Schaffer

Grace

Ikonomou

2014

EMSD

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Leachates from 27 landfills (e.g. planned disposal area) across southern Canada and 11 dump sites (e.g. unorganized disposal area) in the Canadian North were collected (2006) and analysed (2006)(2007)(2008) for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). There was wide variability in the results, both in terms of the total PBDE concentrations and in the distribution of congeners. Northern sites tended to have lower concentrations than southern ones, but some northern levels were significant, despite the low population density and lack of industry in the north. The North could potentially act as a sink for PBDE contaminants because many organic compounds get deposited via air or water currents in the North even though they were not manufactured there.

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Section: Landfillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of PBDEs in Landfill Leachates from Across Canada

Danon-Schaffer

Grace

Ikonomou

2014

EMSD

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“…Most of these latter come from the attempt of assessing the stabilization state of bioreactor landfills [7][8][9][10][11]. Others directly tried to characterize old landfills [12,13], study stabilization indicators and anaerobic biodegradability of the buried waste [14,15] or establish correlations between different waste parameters [2,16,17]. Table 1 shows the analyses used for old waste characterization in the consulted studies together with their fundamentals.…”

Section: Waste Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BMP is a good example of the difficulties described above and hence the interest in relating its value with the results of other analysis. Detection, by an infrared detector, of CO 2 produced when a sample reacts with oxygen at 900-1300ºC (total C) minus CO 2 produced when acidifying the sample and heating it in a stream of oxygen (inorganic C) [15]. Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin (CEL, HEM, LIG)…”

Section: Waste Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample is mixed with a seed and incubated under aerobic conditions. CO 2 production (converted to oxygen consumption) or directly O 2 consumption are measured [1,6] FT-IR spectroscopy Every stage of decomposition of the organic matter is characterized by specific metabolic products that can be identified by their absorption bands in the infrared spectrum [17] Hydrolysis tests Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) released by enzymatic hydrolysis, or substances like humic and fulvic acids are determined as indicators of sample biodegradability [16] Leaching test Measurement of the contaminants released from the solid phase into the water phase under the influence of different reactions [13,15].…”

Section: Waste Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 2 shows the published correlations together with the laws obtained in the present work based on published data. Even though, the data compiled in [7,10] do not show a clear correspondence, great part of the studied data [9,11,12,15] present significant correlation between BMP and VS.…”

Section: Bmp Versus Vsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation stability of organic solid waste characterized by physico-chemical parameters

Cobo¹,

López²,

Lobo³

2008

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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A generalized methodology to characterize the bio-chemical properties of waste results is of great interest in waste management. The chemical and physical methods traditionally used to determine the organic content of solids, such as volatile solids content (VS), total organic carbon content (TOC), cellulose (CEL), hemicellulose (HEM), lignin (LIG), and leaching tests with later analyses of the eluate are easy to perform and to reproduce, but they do not give enough information about the rate of waste stabilization. On account of this, more specific assays like Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) or respirometry assays are nowadays being performed. These biodegradation assays are more complex because they require extensive time and specific equipments and a number of influencing parameters have to be considered. These difficulties promoted the interest in looking for correlations between "conventional", simpler analyses and biodegradation assays. Based on characterization results obtained by different authors in old waste, ratios between BMP and several parameters are studied in this paper, showing significant correlations in most cases. As a theoretical analysis indicates, only for CEL and CEL+HEM laws that can be generalized to other cases were obtained. VS and (CEL+HEM)/LIG are indicators of the degradation state too, but only with regard to samples of the same type of waste. Since VS content does not inform about organic matter biodegradability and (CEL+HEM)/LIG is independent of the inorganic fraction of waste, the laws BMP/VS and BMP/[(CEL+HEM)/LIG] obtained are different for each studied data series.

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Short‐time estimation of biogas and methane potentials from municipal solid wastes

Ponsá

Gea

Sánchez

2011

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Biogas (GB) and methane (BMP) potentials are important parameters to know the energy potential in the anaerobic digestion of municipal solid wastes (MSW) and to design full-scale facilities. However, no standard protocol is defined for this measure.RESULTS: Several samples of mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) and the source-selected organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) obtained at different stages of their mechanical-biological treatment were analyzed. GB and BMP values obtained at different times were correlated. Biogas potentials calculated at 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 21, 50 and 100 days correlated well for the OFMSW samples. In the case of the MSW samples, only GB values obtained at times of 14 or more days correlated well with the ultimate biogas production (considered at 100 days). The biogas potential analyzed at 21 days proposed in some standard methods accounted for the 77% of total biogas potential in the OFMSW samples and for the 71% in the MSW samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The results are useful for the correct design and operation of anaerobic digestion plants in terms of retention time estimation and to know the expected biogas and methane productions.Keywords: Anaerobic digestion; Biogas; Waste treatment and waste minimization; Characterisation, Process optimisation, Residues.P r e -p r i n t Several studies related to the production of biogas and methane from different organic wastes have been published. In the field of MSW, the main objective of the published works is to determine the potential amount of biogas or methane that can be obtained from anaerobic digestion. 4 Source-separated collection systems for the organic fraction of MSW have been implemented in different European states.For this reason, the determination of the biogas and methane potentials of these wastes is of special interest. In other published studies, the main objective is to determine the optimal conditions of the biogas production tests. [5][6][7] Typically, the duration of these anaerobic tests is often long, which limits their application at industrial scale.The objective of this research is to study in detail the biogas and methane productions of several samples of MSW from different origins and to obtain a general correlation between biogas and methane productions vs. time. This correlation can be useful for a rapid knowledge of MSW energy potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS Waste samplesSamples were obtained from different sources to include all the possible range of biogas and methane potentials. Table 1 shows the codification and treatment that correspond to each sample. Fresh (untreated) samples, such as the OFMSW and mixed MSW, were directly obtained from collection trucks. Three P r e -p r i n t 2 samples of each fraction were collected from six different municipalities near the city of Barcelona.Treated samples were obtained from a mechanical-biological waste treatment plant located in Barcelona (Spain) with a total capacity of 240,000 Mg per year. 8 Briefly, the plant operation...

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Indicating the parameters of the state of degradation of municipal solid waste

Cited by 53 publications

References 5 publications

Investigation of PBDEs in Landfill Leachates from Across Canada

Investigation of PBDEs in Landfill Leachates from Across Canada

Biodegradation stability of organic solid waste characterized by physico-chemical parameters

Short‐time estimation of biogas and methane potentials from municipal solid wastes

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