A new family of peptide receptors, the incretin receptor family, overexpressed on many neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is of great importance because it may enable the in vivo peptide-based receptor targeting of a category of NETs that does not express the somatostatin receptor. Impressive in vivo diagnostic data were published for glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor-targeting radiopeptides. Recently, promising in vitro data have appeared for the second member of the incretin family, the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor. This prompted us to develop and evaluate a new class of radioligands with the potential to be used for the in vivo targeting of GIP receptor-positive tumors. Methods: GIP(1-42) was modified C-terminally, and the truncated peptides showed high affinity toward GIP receptor for the GIP conjugates. Specific in vitro internalization was found, and almost the entire cellassociated activity was internalized (.90% of the cell-bound activity), supporting the agonist potency of the 111 In-EG4 and 68 Ga-EG4 were shown to specifically target INR1G9-hGIPr xenografts, with tumor uptake of 10.4% ± 2.2% and 17.0% ± 4.4% injected activity/g, 1 h after injection, respectively. Kidneys showed the highest uptake, which could be reduced by approximately 40%-50% with a modified-fluid-gelatin plasma substitute or an inhibitor of the serine protease dipeptidyl peptidase 4. The PET images clearly visualized the tumor. Conclusion: The evaluation of EG4 as a proof-ofprinciple radioligand indicated the feasibility of imaging GIP receptorpositive tumors. These results prompt us to continue the development of this family of radioligands for imaging of a broad spectrum of NETs.