Indicators of developmental deviance in individuals at risk for schizophrenia

Daly, Maureen; Gooding, Diane C.; Jessen, Heather M.; Auger, Anthony P.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2008.02.015

Cited by 28 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These produced quite similar zero findings in the correlation analysis and turned out to be only modestly sexually differentiated (d & .20 or smaller). The latter observation seems not to be an uncommon finding: calculating the sex effects observed in the control group of the study of Daly et al (2008;from their Table 2) yields d values of .25 and .22 for TFRC and AFRC, respectively. A formal meta-analysis of the size of the sex effect in finger-ridge count is unavailable and was beyond the scope of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In other words, in the absence of multiple ridge counts, TFRC and AFRC are numerically identical. Whereas TFRC indicates the size of the fingerprint pattern, AFRC indicates both the size and the intensity of the fingerprint pattern, and this latter measure is known to be more strongly influenced by nongenetic factors of the prenatal environment than TFRC (Daly et al, 2008;Loesch, 1983).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, imitating the approach utilized in the Daly et al (2008) study, correlations between 2D:4D ratios and finger-ridge counts across the five fingers of the same hand were also calculated for the whole sample. These associations were similarly directionally erratic, essentially zero or of modest size at best, and thus never significant.…”

Section: Associations Among Digit Ratios and Fingerridge Countsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another 2D:4D study, by Daly, Gooding, Jessen, and Auger (2008), among other dermatoglyphic features, included finger-ridge counts in an investigation of individuals at risk for schizophrenia (namely, young adults with psychometrically identified high social anhedonia, a known antecedent and correlate of schizophrenic-spectrum disorders; cf. Voracek, 2009b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Towards this end, data were secured from healthy adults. Following the Daly et al (2008) study, two widely used measures of fingerridge counts were included, as well as two quite different standard methods for measuring finger lengths. It is known that not only the 2D:4D ratio is sexually differentiated: rather, the majority of digit ratios that can be constructed from the fingers 2-5 (but not relative thumb length; Voracek & Offenmüller, 2007) show similar sex effects (McFadden & Shubel, 2002;Voracek, 2009a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No association between two candidate markers of prenatal sex hormones: Digit ratios (2D:4D and other) and finger‐ridge counts

Dreßler

Voracek

2010

Developmental Psychobiology

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The second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D), putatively indexing prenatal androgen levels retrospectively, has become increasingly popular as an easily applied measure in research into the prenatal sex-hormonal bases of behavior, health, and disease. However, its validity has not yet been conclusively demonstrated and in fact is currently debated, because validation tests of 2D:4D with other, prenatally established, presumed markers for prenatal sex-hormone action have yielded mixed evidence or still are unavailable. Hence, the associations of 2D:4D with finger-ridge counts, one such further under-researched marker, were examined in this study. In a sample of 75 male and 75 female normal healthy adults, the six possible finger-length ratios of the human hand (from 2D:3D to 4D:5D, including the classic 2D:4D ratio) were ascertained with two commonly used measurement methods (imaged-based vs. fingers measured directly), along with two traditional dermatoglyphic traits (total and absolute finger-ridge counts). Sex differences in finger-length ratios (lower in men) generally were of moderate size (about .5 SD units), whereas those in finger-ridge counts (higher in men) were small to negligible (about .2 SD units). Within-sex analysis did not indicate theory compliant (i.e., negative) correlations between these two sets of traits that were consistent, noteworthy, or reliable. Finger-length ratios and finger-ridge counts are ontogenetically overlapping in their prenatal formation and anatomically adjacent. Hence, possible temporal and localized sex-hormonal effects in prenatal life are unlikely to account for their nonassociation. The current findings cast some doubt on the validity of these retrospective pointers to prenatal androgen levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Associations Among Digit Ratios and Fingerridge Countsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

No association between two candidate markers of prenatal sex hormones: Digit ratios (2D:4D and other) and finger‐ridge counts

Dreßler

Voracek

2010

Developmental Psychobiology

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Meta‐analysis of digit ratio 2D:4D shows greater sex difference in the right hand

Hönekopp

Watson

2010

American J Hum Biol

475

394

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Right-hand 2D:4D might be a better indicator of prenatal androgenisation than left-hand 2D:4D. The view that 2D:4D has allometric properties (Kratochvil L, Flegr J. 2009. Differences in 2nd to 4th digit length ratio in humans reflect shifts along the common allometric line. Biol Lett 5:643-646.) is not supported. Bone lengths contribute to the sex difference in 2D:4D. In addition, there might be a sex difference in fingers' soft tissue, which should be investigated. Because of measurement unreliability, correlations between 2D:4D and variables of interest are about one-third smaller in the BBC internet study than in studies in which 2D:4D is based on expert-measured finger lengths.

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Biomarkers of fetal conditions: Finger ridge‐counts, facial fluctuating asymmetry, and digit ratio (2D:4D)—are they correlated in women?

Klimek

Galbarczyk

Nenko

et al. 2020

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: Fetal environmental conditions are crucial for lifelong health. Direct measurements of developmental conditions are limited in humans; thus, several biomarkers of those conditions have been proposed: that is, finger ridge-counts, level of facial fluctuating asymmetry (FA), and digit ratio (2D:4D). Since all of these biomarkers share a similar gestational time of formation, we hypothesize that their values are significantly correlated. Materials and methods: Data were collected at the Mogielica Human Ecology Study Site in southern Poland among 234 women. Finger ridge-counts, level of facial FA, and 2D:4D have been measured. The two-step analyses included Pearson's correlations of simple values of the biomarkers and correlations of composite variables calculated based on principal component analysis. Results: We did not find any statistically significant correlations between finger ridge-counts, FA, and 2D:4D in women. Similarly, we did not observe any correlations between three composites created from the biomarkers. Discussion: Our results indicate that there are no relationships between the biomarkers, suggested as proxies of the quality of prenatal conditions, in a single population. This is the first study analyzing three different markers simultaneously. The lack of correlations may indicate that the tested biomarkers reflect, in fact, different environmental conditions, occurring in separate "critical windows" of development, or that the biomarkers are not valid as proxies of developmental conditions.

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Indicators of developmental deviance in individuals at risk for schizophrenia

Cited by 28 publications

References 48 publications

No association between two candidate markers of prenatal sex hormones: Digit ratios (2D:4D and other) and finger‐ridge counts

No association between two candidate markers of prenatal sex hormones: Digit ratios (2D:4D and other) and finger‐ridge counts

Meta‐analysis of digit ratio 2D:4D shows greater sex difference in the right hand

Biomarkers of fetal conditions: Finger ridge‐counts, facial fluctuating asymmetry, and digit ratio (2D:4D)—are they correlated in women?

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