Indicators of Recovery in a Tropical Freshwater Marsh Invaded by an African Grass

Rosas, Hugo López; López‐Barrera, Fabiola; Moreno‐Casasola, Patricia; Aguirre-León, Gustavo; Cazares-Hernández, Erasmo; Sánchez-Higueredo, Lorena

doi:10.3368/er.28.3.324

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Asimismo, proponen estrategias que faciliten el establecimiento de especies sucesionales, intermedias y tardías (López et al, 2010;Meli y Dirzo, 2013;Meli, Rey-Benayas, Martínez-Ramos y Carabias, 2015;Rangel-Landa, Casas y Dávila, 2015). En esta pregunta se toma en cuenta el desarrollo y crecimiento de las especies seleccionadas, sin embargo, esta suele ser una de las principales problemáticas a las que se enfrentan los proyectos de restauración, debido a la falta de viveros en las comunidades elegidas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

La restauración ecológica en México: una disciplina emergente en un país deteriorado

Calva-Soto

Pavón

2018

MYB

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RESUMENLos ecosistemas terrestres se encuentran deteriorados por las actividades humanas, por lo que es urgente realizar proyectos de restauración para recuperar la biodiversidad y los servicios ambientales. Sin embargo, la restauración ecológica es aún incipiente en México, como un tema multidisciplinario que implica la generación de teoría y práctica. En este estudio, se analizaron las publicaciones sobre restauración ecológica en México, para brindar una visión del estado actual del conocimiento en el tema e identificar sus limitantes, retos y avances. Usando bases de datos, se obtuvieron 20 764 referencias, de las cuales se seleccionaron 402 trabajos. Todas las referencias seleccionadas fueron revisadas y clasificadas considerando diversos criterios. Entre estos, las preguntas de investigación en restauración ecológica: ¿por qué, qué, cómo, dónde y cuándo restaurar? Del total, 32% correspondieron a estudios de restauración ecológica sensu stricto. En ocho estados no se encontraron referencias de estudios; Chiapas y Veracruz fueron los más atendidos. La mayoría de los trabajos se realizaron en bosques tropicales (43%) y templados (13%). Solo 10% de los trabajos incluyeron todas las preguntas de investigación. En México la restauración ecológica es una disciplina emergente, la cual, a pesar de las complicaciones políticas, económicas y sociales del país, ha recibido cada vez mayor atención por diferentes grupos de trabajo. Aunque se obtuvieron pocos estudios de restauración, comparados con el total global, se observó un incremento en los últimos diez años. En esta revisión se destaca la necesidad de generar equipos multidisciplinarios para cubrir con los aspectos necesarios en la generación de proyectos de restauración ecológica, dentro de sistemas socioecológicos dinámicos.PALABRAS CLAVE: bosques templados, buscadores de Internet, ecología aplicada, ecología de la restauración, revisión bibliográfica, sucesión ecológica. ABSTRACTTerrestrial ecosystems are perturbed by human activities, and many of them need to be restored so biodiversity and environmental services can recover. However, ecological restoration is incipient in Mexico as a multidisciplinary issue that still requires further advances in theory and practices. Publications on ecological restoration in Mexico were analyzed to provide an insight into the current state of knowledge on the subject and identify gaps, biases, and progress. We used databases on the web, from which 20 764 references were obtained and 402 were selected, which met all of the requirements. All selected references were reviewed and classified considering various criteria. Among these, research questions in ecological restoration: why, what, how, where and when to restore. From the total, 32% were studies of ecological restoration sensu stricto. In eight states no reference studies were found. Chiapas and Veracruz were the most cited. Most work was conducted in tropical (43%) and temperate forests (13%). Only 10% of the references included all restoration research questions. In ...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

La restauración ecológica en México: una disciplina emergente en un país deteriorado

Calva-Soto

Pavón

2018

MYB

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“…To sample the vegetation we estimated the percent cover for each species (Kent 2012) in each plot, and the average height for woody seedlings, shrubs, and herbaceous species, because shrubby and herbaceous species dominated the flooded grassland. Since our samples included species with arboreal, shrubby, and herbaceous habits, we combined the cover and height values to form a relative importance value (RIV; modified from Brower et al 1998) that reflected both the horizontal and vertical dimensions of each species, which would not have been possible with the cover alone (López‐Rosas et al 2010; López‐Rosas & Moreno‐Casasola 2022). The formula that we used to obtain the RIV was:

RIV = (\frac{Percent cover + relative height}{2})

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Setting the stage for the restoration of anAnnona glabraswamp after exotic grass invasion

Sánchez-García

Rosas

Sosa

et al. 2022

Restoration Ecology

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The expansion of cattle ranching in the coastal plain of the Gulf of Mexico is transforming freshwater swamps resulting in the reduction of swamps area and the introduction of invasive exotic grasses. This study seeks to determine the structure of the remaining population of Annona glabra in a grassland, evaluate vegetation and environmental conditions of the grassland, and determine the germination capability of A. glabra under different cover conditions of grass growth and two flood levels. The study area is a flooded grassland invaded by Echinochloa pyramidalis in central Veracruz, Gulf of Mexico. In the grassland, we censused and mapped the remaining individuals of A. glabra. We sampled the vegetation and measured the physicochemical characteristics of the soil and water. To evaluate the effect of the invasive grass on the germination of A. glabra seeds, we designed two greenhouse experiments: one (E1) under soil moisture at field capacity and another (E2) under flooded conditions. We found 312 remnant individuals. We recorded 31 plant species, most (72.7%) classified as aquatic/semiaquatic. The relative importance value was highest for E. pyramidalis, Mimosa pigra, and Eleocharis mutata. BEST analysis did not detect significant correlations between vegetation and physicochemical variables, indicating homogeneous environmental conditions. Seed germination was above 80% in E1 and below 20% in E2 in all grass cover levels. Although flooding decreases germination rates, substantial proportion of seeds can germinate, suggesting that natural succession is viable. Based on our results, the flooded grassland has conditions to restore swamp.

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Shade treatment affects structure and recovery of invasiveC4 African grassEchinochloa pyramidalis

Rosas

Moreno‐Casasola

González

2015

Ecology and Evolution

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Echinochloa pyramidalis (Lam.) Hitchc. & Chase is an African grass with C4 photosynthesis, high biomass production, and high vegetative propagation that is tolerant to grazing and able to grow in flooded and dry conditions. Thus, it is highly invasive in tropical freshwater marshes where it is intentionally planted by ranchers to increase cattle production. This invasion is reducing plant biodiversity by increasing the invader's aerial coverage, changing wetland hydrology and causing soil physicochemical changes such as vertical accretion. Reducing the dominance of this species and increasing the density of native wetland species is a difficult, expensive, and time-consuming process. We applied a series of disturbance treatments aimed at eliminating E. pyramidalis and recovering the native vegetation of a partially invaded freshwater marsh. Treatments included physical (cutting, soil disking, transplanting individuals of the key native species Sagittaria lancifolia subsp. media (Micheli) Bogin, and/or reducing light with shade mesh) and/or chemical (spraying Round-Up™ herbicide) disturbances. At the end of the experiment, four of the five treatments used were effective in increasing the cover and biomass of native species and reducing that of E. pyramidalis. The combination of these treatments should be used to generate a proposal for the restoration of tropical wetlands invaded by non-native grasses. A promising treatment is using soil disked to soften the soil and destroy belowground structures such as roots and rhizomes. This treatment would be more promising if combined with the use of shade cloth. If it is desirable not to impact the soil or if there is not enough budget to make an effort to include active restoration disking soil, the use of shade cloth will suffice, although the recovery of native vegetation will be slower.

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Indicators of Recovery in a Tropical Freshwater Marsh Invaded by an African Grass

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

La restauración ecológica en México: una disciplina emergente en un país deteriorado

La restauración ecológica en México: una disciplina emergente en un país deteriorado

Setting the stage for the restoration of anAnnona glabraswamp after exotic grass invasion

Shade treatment affects structure and recovery of invasiveC4 African grassEchinochloa pyramidalis

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