Índice de centralidade de representações sociais a partir de evocações (INCEV): exemplo de aplicação no estudo da representação social sobre envelhecimento

Abstract

ResumoO artigo propõe uma técnica para caracterizar a estrutura de representações sociais a partir de dados de evocações livres, o INCEV, um índice que avalia a centralidade de elementos representacionais levando em consideração sua freqüência, incondicionalidade e importância. Um estudo empírico foi realizado acerca da representação social do envelhecimento, comparando os resultados do INCEV com o das técnicas de análise prototípica de Vergès e questionamento (MEC). A coleta de dados principal ocorreu com uma amostra de 218 estudantes universitários, que responderam a um questionário de evocações sobre o termo envelhecimento e caracterizaram cada resposta acerca da importância e possibilidade do objeto manter sua identidade prescindindo-se da palavra fornecida. Os resultados do INCEV mostraram-se mais próximos do MEC que os derivados da análise prototípica. Conclui-se que o INCEV apresenta indícios de validade e pertinência, tendo como vantagem a incorporação de princípios da teoria do núcleo central no levantamento inicial da representação. Palavras-chave: Abordagem estrutural; representações sociais; evocações; envelhecimento. AbstractThe article proposes a technique to describe social representations structure from free evocation data, the INCEV, an index which evaluates representational element centralities taking into account their frequencies, unconditionality and importance. An empiric study was carried out concerning the social representation on aging, comparing INCEV results to those of Vergès' prototypical analysis and questioning (MEC) techniques. The main data collection took place with a sample of 218 undergraduate students, who answered to an evocation questionnaire about the word aging and evaluated each response concerning importance and the possibility of the object keeping his/her identity without the provided word. INCEV results were closer to MEC's than those derived from prototypical analysis. It is concluded that the INCEV presents evidences of validity and pertinence, having as an advantage the inclusion of central core theory principles on the first representation description.

Cuidado a mulheres envolvidas com drogas: representações sociais de enfermeiras

“…Generally, these elements promote the association between that which is lived (concrete reality) and the central system, hence they enable contextualization, mobility, flexibility, and integration of personal experiences and individual histories (24) .…”

Theory Of Social Representations And The Aging: A Bibliometric Profile

“…This may be for the fact that the Theory of Social Representations constitutes a theorical-methodological approach and originates from the Social Psychology. [12] The theme of interest has been arousing the interest of professional from different areas, such as Psychology, Nursing, Medicine, Physiotherapy, Physical Education, etc. According to the authors [13], the researchers' college degree aggregates credibility and relevance to what's intended to be published.…”

Italian students' social representation on aging: an exploratory study of a representational system

“…The case of <wisdom> is a good example; although most studies arrive to the conclusion that it is a central element, there is evidence from research employing that points out to it being a peripheral element (Wachelke, 2009;Wachelke & Lins, 2008), which makes it sensible to consider prototypical analysis results with caution, in terms of structural status.…”

“…Elders mention more positive and concrete elements in their social representations than younger people (Gastaldi & Contarello, 2006;Magnabosco-Martins, Camargo, & Biasus, 2009), and young people, emphasize the positive element of <wisdom> but have a majority of negatively-connoted elements in their representations, such as <decline>, <illness> and <death> (Gastaldi & Contarello, 2006;Gaymard, 2006;Moliner & Vidal, 2003;Wachelke, 2009;.…”

“…The core was formed by elements <dependency>, <wisdom>, <experience> and <old age>. A study with Brazilian undergraduates participants pointed out to the centrality of the <wisdom> element, as well as <health>, <family> and <physical signs> (Wachelke, 2009). …”