Indices of lower airway inflammation in children monosensitized to house dust mite after nasal allergen challenge

Abstract

This study showed that nasal allergen challenge increased markers of eosinophilic inflammation in both upper and lower airways of children monosensitized to mites, even before the onset of clinical symptoms.

Correlation between upper and lower airway inflammations in patients with combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome: A comparison of patients initially presenting with allergic rhinitis and those initially presenting with asthma

“…In the present study, under natural environment allergen exposure, a positive correlation between the percentage of eosinophils in the upper and lower airways was present in the CARAS-AR group only. Previous studies have reported that allergen nasal challenge aggravates lower airway eosinophils (8) and segmental bronchial allergen challenge may induce an increase in eosinophils in the nasal mucosa and bronchia, as well as peripheral blood (9). Thus, the upper and lower airways may have a bidirectional impact on each other.…”

“…The interactions are not limited to local inflammation, as nasal allergen and bronchial allergen challenge may also induce an increase in systemic inflammation. Interactions between the upper and lower airways primarily occur through systemic inflammation (8,9), especially in CARAS cases in which asthma developed first. The majority of allergen airway challenge studies are primarily focused on the upper or lower airways in AR with or without asthma (8)(9)(10).…”

“…Interactions between the upper and lower airways primarily occur through systemic inflammation (8,9), especially in CARAS cases in which asthma developed first. The majority of allergen airway challenge studies are primarily focused on the upper or lower airways in AR with or without asthma (8)(9)(10). Results have demonstrated the impact of AR on asthma and the benefit of treating AR in asthma (17,20).…”

“…The inflammatory processes may be the most important link in the cross-talk between the upper and lower airways. Studies have reported that AR impairs the control of asthma by enhancing lower airway inflammation and allergen nasal challenge may aggravate lower airway inflammation and hyper responsiveness (7,8 Sino-French Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China mucosal inflammation (9).…”

The Impact of Allergic Rhinitis on Asthma: Current View

“…Today, most data suggest a systemic link between mucosal sites, involving bloodstream, bone marrow and the lymphoid tissues. Several studies using nasal allergen challenge models have demonstrated that patients with allergic rhinitis alone may have inflammatory changes within the lower airways such as increased sputum eosinophils which is suggestive as predictor of asthma (Braunstahl et al, 2001;Inal et al, 2008;Sin et al, 2002). In keeping with the united airways concept, it has been shown that provocation with relevant allergens of the nose induces lower airway inflammation.…”