Indigenous and Foreign Innovation Efforts and Drivers of Technological Upgrading: Evidence from China

Capital goods imports and long-run growth: Is the Chinese experience relevant to developing countries?

“…This change, from an investment-based to an innovation-based strategy, must be gradual and occur at a different pace in each sector, depending of the magnitude of the technological gap in each case. In this sense, recent evidence seems to confirm that this is the case of China (see Fu and Gong, 2011). partially, by imported technology as a source from which to develop the local technological capabilities. So, the main policy recommendation that emerges from our results for openness policies is not considered inadequate the export promotion policy, but not complement it with the design of policies and institutions that facilitate imports of intermediate and capital goods.…”

Learning and technological capability building in emerging economies: The case of the biomass power equipment industry in Malaysia

“…At a more general level, this supports the argument put forward in Kim (1997), Mathews (2002), and Bell and Figueiredo (2012) that significant advances in technological capability formation in latecomer firms is often related to learning through networks of foreign and more advanced technology partners. However, following Fu and Gong (2011), this also speaks to a broader discussion about internal (or indigenous) learning and innovation, on the one hand, versus foreign technology, on the other hand, as the main sources of technological capability formation in latecomer firms (see also Fu and Zhang, 2011). In this paper, Alpha and the firms in Group 1 were required to engage in concerted internal efforts to adapt and modify acquired foreign technology to improve its performance.…”

“…However, since it may be useful to consider these, at least potentially, as complementary (rather than alternative) sources of technological capability building, some recent studies have highlighted the importance of assessing how firms use different combinations of such learning mechanisms (see e.g. Giuliani et al, 2005;Kesidou and Romijn, 2008;Fu and Gong, 2011;Fu and Zhang 2011;and Li, 2011). Building on these studies, this paper examines which specific combinations of learning mechanisms firms utilise as complementary composites or bundles of learning mechanisms, thus providing a basis for examining the consequences of these firm-specific patterns for the levels of technological capability achieved.…”

Persistent high-growth firms in China’s manufacturing

“…It is a largely used database (see, among others, Hu et al, 2005;Fu and Gong, 2011; which includes all industrial firms with sales above 5 million RMB (around ✩US 600,000) covering the period 1998-2007. 3 Each firm is assigned to a sector according to the 4-digit Chinese Industry Classification (CIC) system, that closely matches the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) employed by the U.S.…”