Indigenous Autism in Canada: A Scoping Review

Bruno, Grant; Chan, Titus A.; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Coombs, Emily; Nicholas, David

doi:10.1007/s10803-023-06045-z

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…26 The severe lack of studies in Canadian indigenous autism was examined by University of Alberta researchers in a scoping review. 62 The research team was led by a university PhD candidate with membership in an indigenous community, a father to autistic children, while an indigenous autism advocacy group formed one of the research partners, rather a unique team in the context of Canadian research. The research is therefore viewed from an indigenous lens while the examined available autism literature represents nonindigenous or traditional research.…”

Section: Indigenous Autism Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Frozen in Time, a Focused Review of Autism Prevalence in Canadian Indigenous Communities

Hus

2023

NDT

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The unprecedented global continuous rise in autism prevalence is often referred to as a Pandemic while its parallel cost increase to society portrays a Tsunami. Autism data originates mostly from industrialized High-Income geopolitical regions in Europe, North America, and Asian regions. Although efforts to determine autism data from regions in Low and Mid-economies are ongoing, prevalence information from geographically remote and economically vulnerable communities within the privileged regions is largely undetermined, as is the case of the Canadian Indigenous communities, the First Nations, Inuit, and Métis highlighted in this focused review. The underlying theoretical approach adopted here is Transcultural Psychiatry with its emphasis on Context including sociopolitical circumstances, considered the gateway to understanding health, illness, and recovery in groups and individuals. Accordingly, the review includes a concise relevant government system description and history of the relations with Indigenous peoples to provide context to present indigenous relations to Canadian government agencies. Scores in these communities face a myriad of survival challenges encompassing meagre health resources and services. Establishing autism prevalence data in these communities are exceedingly difficult due to multiple factors. While prominent among them are their strong ties to traditional approaches to health, illness, and autism conceptualization, the crucial obstacle is Crown and Provincial government authorities' and agencies' historically rooted colonial response to the needs of families with autistic members. It embodies a posture of infantilization, an attitude that is "frozen in time" in the approach, practice, accommodations, and services for these families. The review provides the preferred autism terminology, information sources, article flow, and Future Directions, all found in the Introduction's first paragraphs.

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Section: Indigenous Autism Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Frozen in Time, a Focused Review of Autism Prevalence in Canadian Indigenous Communities

Hus

2023

NDT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Prevalence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Among Indigenous Children

Lau,

Czuczman,

Dennett

et al. 2024

JAACAP Open

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Neurodivergence, intersectionality, and eating disorders: a lived experience-led narrative review

Cobbaert,

Millichamp,

Elwyn

et al. 2024

J Eat Disord

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Autistic people and those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are at a high risk of developing an eating disorder. While there is limited evidence on the relationship between other forms of neurodivergence and eating disorders, research suggests associations between giftedness, intellectual disability, obsessive–compulsive disorder, psychosis, Tourette’s syndrome, and disordered eating. Factors underlying disordered eating and/or eating disorder risk for neurodivergent people are multifaceted and complex, encompassing a wide range of intertwined psychosocial, environmental, and biological processes. Moreover, research shows that neurodivergent individuals experience poorer treatment outcomes compared to neurotypical individuals. However, there is a paucity of research in this area overall. More specifically, lived experience-led research remains rare, despite its critical role for improving individualised eating disorder care, as well as mental healthcare more broadly. Indeed, the importance of eating disorder care individuation is increasingly being recognised, particularly within the context of neurodivergence, given the heterogeneous experiences and support needs of neurodivergent people affected by disordered eating and/or eating disorders. Furthermore, despite documented overlaps between various forms of neurodivergence (e.g., co-occurring autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), research looking at eating disorders in the context of neurodivergence through a transdiagnostic perspective is scarce. This lived experience-led narrative review aims to shed light on the intersectional factors underlying elevated disordered eating and/or eating disorder risk for neurodivergent individuals. First, an overview of prevalence data is provided, followed by a thematic framework identifying factors underlying disordered eating and/or eating disorder risk in relation to neurodivergence. A critical appraisal of current eating disorder research and care is then offered before suggestions for neurodiversity-affirming eating disorder care are made. In this view, this paper offers a foundation for future empirical work in this nascent field of inquiry by providing a lived experience-led, transdiagnostic, and intersectional account of eating disorders in the context of neurodivergence.

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Indigenous Autism in Canada: A Scoping Review

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Frozen in Time, a Focused Review of Autism Prevalence in Canadian Indigenous Communities

Frozen in Time, a Focused Review of Autism Prevalence in Canadian Indigenous Communities

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Prevalence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Among Indigenous Children

Neurodivergence, intersectionality, and eating disorders: a lived experience-led narrative review

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